Transcript Chapter 13 Preventing Infectious Diseases

agents that
invade
the body and
cause diseases.
List and describe the 5 main pathogens
and how they are treated..
single celled organism;
can be killed with
antibiotics*
antibiotics are used to slow
or kill the growth of
bacteria. You must
take all of the
prescribed medicine or
it can come back!
What are
some of the
more
common
bacterial
infections?
Causes
severe muscle
spasms
sore throat, fever,
yellow or white
specks on the
throat
headache,
thick
mucous,
feeling
pressure in
your head
Sinus
Infection
Bacterial
Meningitis
Inflammation
of the
membranes
surrounding
the brain and
spinal cord
Salmonellas
affects the
digestive system,
usually spread
by
contaminated
food
Tiny pathogens
that survive and
replicate only inside
living cells;
can’t be killed by
medication
Any medication taken
is to treat the symptoms;
viruses cannot be cured,
they have to run their
course.
scratchy
sore throat,
sneezing,
runny nose
headache, sore
muscles, sore throat,
fever, vomiting,
fatigue and
coughing
pain and swelling of
glands in the throat,
possible rash
fatigue, runny
nose, cough,
slight fever,
small white dots
in the mouth,
rash covering
the body
Fever, swollen
lymph nodes, sore
throat & weakness
Hepatitis
inflammation
of the liver,
jaundice,
fever, dark
urine
organisms that
absorb and use the
nutrients of living or
dead organisms *
Usually treated with an
over-the-counter
anti-fungal cream
single celled; larger than bacteria
(Malaria: Spread by mosquito bites*)
Good hygiene is the best preventative measure;
other medications require prescription
Feed off of
other living
things
(Lice, ticks)*
prevention best, (don’t
share brushes, use medicated shampoo, wear
protective clothing in wooded areas, etc…
What are the 4
ways infectious
diseases can be
spread?
Domestic
and
wild
What is our body’s
first line of defense
against disease?
Including
mucous membranes
~ It is a reaction to injury or infection
that is characterized by pain,
redness, and swelling.
~ It is the body’s
second line
of defense from
pathogens.
The inflammatory response shows
that body is attacking pathogens.
If a pathogen gets past the physical barriers,
what system kicks in to fight
the disease from the inside?
Your white blood cells produce antibodies
that travel through
the lymphatic system to fight the pathogens.
What are Immunizations?
A vaccine (shot) used to help prevent contracting
a specific disease.
• A small amount of the pathogen is put in the body
so the immune system can develop antibodies so if
exposed to the same pathogen you can fight it off
without getting it.
Laws about Immunization…
The Texas Department of Health has ruled that students
must be current with immunizations in order to attend
school unless an exemption has been filed with the school.
Reason for Exemptions:
• Medical
• Unless it is written in the statement that a lifelong condition exists,
the exemption statement is valid for only one year from the date
signed by the physician.
•
•
•
•
Religious
Too soon after another immunization
Immune due to having had the disease
Vaccine Shortage
What are some things
you can do to stay well?
Protect yourself
Regular Check up
Drink water
Eat healthy
Get enough sleep
Vaccines
Exercise
Reduce stress
Avoid contact with sick people
Infection
Prodromal
(Symptoms)
The body is able to
fight off a disease w/o
getting sick.
Incubation
W/ Immunity
W/O Immunity
Carrier w/
No symptoms
Illness
Recovery /
Death
Body does
not fully recover
and goes
through
stages again.
1.
a.
Recognition
2.
Macrophage
Stages of the
Immune
System
Mobilization
carries antigens
b.
4.
Helper T cells
destroys
invaders
c.
Immunity
B cells
produces
antibodies
Disposal
3.