Transcript 31.4 Immunity and Technology Antibiotic resistance

31.4 Immunity and Technology
Living in a clean environment and building immunity help
keep a person healthy.
31.4 Immunity and Technology
Antiseptics kill pathogens outside of the body.
– do not target specific pathogens
– cause pathogen to burst
– ex. soap, rubbing alcohol
31.4 Immunity and Technology
Antibiotics kill pathogens inside the body
– target one specific bacterium or fungus
– cause pathogen to burst
– not effective against viruses
31.4 Immunity and Technology
Antibiotic resistance can cause medicines
to become ineffective.
Caused by:
• misuse or overuse of
antibiotics
• Use in livestock feed
• Antibacterial soaps
A bacterium carries
genes for antibiotic
resistance on a plasmid.
A copy of the plasmid is transferred
through conjugation.
Resistance is quickly
spread through
many bacteria.
31.4 Immunity and Technology
Vaccines control pathogens and disease
– given to prevent illness
– produce artificial immunity
– contain the antigen of a weakened pathogen
*NO evidence that vaccines cause autism!
31.4 Immunity and Technology
Community ImmunityEveryone is protected if a
large % of people are
vaccinated. (80-95%)
People may opt out
• Personal Beliefs
• Medical Reasons