Transcript COMMUNICABLE & NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES

COMMUNICABLE &
NONCOMMUNICABLE
DISEASES
COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
O DISEASE THAT IS SPREAD FROM ONE LIVING
ORGANISM TO ANOTHER OR THROUGH THE
ENVIRONMENT
O PATHOGEN-ORGANISM THAT CAUSES
DISEASES
O INFECTION—OCCURS WHEN THE
PATHOGENS ENTER THE BODY, MULTIPLY &
DAMAGE CELLS
O DISEASE—OCCURS IF THE BODY IS NOT
ABLE TO FIGHT THE INFECTION
TYPES OF PATHOGENS
O VIRUSES—PIECE OF GENETIC MATERIAL
SURROUNDED BY A PROTEIN COAT
--INVADE CELLS IN ORDER TO REPRODUCE
--ANTIBIOTICS DO NOT WORK AGAINST
VIRUSES, NEED TO RUN THEIR COURSE
--COLD AND FLU MOST COMMON
PATHOGENS CONTINUED
O BACTERIA—SINGLE-CELLED
MICROORGANISMS THAT LIVE ALMOST
EVERYWHERE ON EARTH
--MOST ARE HARMLESS, SOME ESSENTIAL
--MULTIPLY THROUGH CELL DIVISION
--CAN PRODUCE A TOXIN, A SUBSTANCE
THAT KILLS CELLS OR INTERFERES WITH
THEIR FUNCTION
--MOST CAN BE TREATED WITH ANTIBIOTICS
PATHOGENS CONT.
O FUNGI—PLANTLIKE ORGANISMS, CAUSE
DISEASES OF SKIN, MUCOUS MEMBRANES,
AND LUNGS
O PROTOZOANS—SINGLE-CELLED
MICROORGANISMS THAT ARE LARGER &
MORE COMPLEX THAN BACTERIA
O RICKETTSIAS—RESEMBLE BACTERIA,
BEHAVE LIKE VIRUSES, OFTEN ENTER BODY
THROUGH INSECT BITES
TRANSMISSION OF
COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
O DIRECT CONTACT: TOUCHING, BITING,
KISSING, AND SEXUAL CONTACT, SNEEZING
& COUGHING CAN SPRAY INFECTIOUS
DROPLETS OF SALIVA OR MUCUS,
PUNCTURES, PREGNANT WOMAN PASSING
AN INFECTION TO HER UNBORN CHILD
THROUGH THE PLACENTA
TRANSMISSION CONT.
O INDIRECT CONTACT:
CONTAMINATED OBJECTS
2) VECTORS—TICKS, FLIES, MOSQUITOES
3) WATER & FOOD
O AIRBORNE TRANSMISSION—PATHOGENS
MAY FLOAT IN THE AIR FOR A LONG TIME
AND TRAVEL LONG DISTANCES
1)
HOW CAN YOU PROTECT
YOURSELF?
O HANDWASHING—SINGLE MOST EFFECTIVE
STRATEGY FOR PREVENTING SPREAD OF
DISEASE
O HANDLING FOOD PROPERLY
O EAT A BALANCED DIET
O AVOID SHARING EATING UTENSILS, MAKEUP.
COMBS, BRUSHES AND OTHER PERSONAL
ITEMS
PROTECTION CONT.
O PREPARE AND STORE FOOD SAFELY
O AVOID UNNECESSARY CONTACT WILL PEOPLE
O
O
O
O
O
WHO ARE ILL
COVER YOUR MOUTH WHEN YOU COUGH OR
SNEEZE
USE MOSQUITO REPELLENT, AVOID CONTACT
WITH DEAD BIRDS
PRACTICE ABSTINENCE FROM SEXUAL ACTIVITY
LEARN TO MANAGE STRESS
IMMUNIZATIONS
NONCOMMUNICABLE
DISEASE
O DISEASE THAT IS NOT TRANSMITTED BY
ANOTHER PERSON, VECTOR, OR
ENVIRONMENT
O SOME ARE CALLED “LIFESTYLE DISEASES”
O EXAMPLES: CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE,
CANCER, ALLERGIES, ASTHMA, DIABETES,
ARTHRITIS
LEADING CAUSES OF
DEATH IN U.S.
O ADULTS
O TEENS
O HEART DISEASE
O CAR ACCIDENTS