Transcript File - Mrs. Stroo`s WHAP

The Latin West
Bulliet Chapter 15
Jessica Stroo
Northeast Jones HS
Rural Life
 Serfdom
 Nobility
 Clergy
 Peasants
 Female subordination
 “…the image of God is
found in man, not in
woman…” Thomas
Aquinas
Population Growth
 Population growth =
rural poverty
 Ineffective farming
methods
 Three Field System
 Social inequality
 China vs. Europe
 1200: China’s
population was twice the
size of Europe’s
 1300: China and Europe
each had roughly 80
million people
 New Settlements
 Environmental impacts
Black Death
 Reversed population growth
 China
 Mongols and Kaffa
 Genoese and Italy/France
 1 in 3 Europeans died
 Symptoms
 Boils
 Black patches of skin
 Extreme body odor
 Pain
Effects of Black Death
 Psychological Impact
 Religion
 Penance
 Jews
 Party Time!
 Social Changes
 Serfdom disappears
 Higher wages
 Guilds
Guilds
 Membership
 Shortened periods of
apprenticeships
 Groups of specialized
tradesmen/artisans
 Silversmiths
 Merchants
 Blacksmiths
 Regulated business
Technology
 Mining
 Watermills vs. water
wheels
 Dams on rivers
 Windmills
 Iron making
 Bellows
 Printing press
 Gutenberg
Technology and Architecture
 The Clock
 Gothic Cathedrals
 Song Dynasty
 1140: France
 Western European daily
life
 Pointed arches
 Cloche: bell
 Pulley system rather
than water powered
 Regulation of employee
work day
 Beginning and end of
class
 Standardization of day
length
 Flying buttresses
 Stained glass
 VERY high
 Engineering problems
 Notre Dame de Paris
Industry
 Geographical and Environmental impacts
 New towns
 Canals
 Changing flow of rivers
 Pollution
 Deforestation
 Textiles
 Flemish Cities (Flanders)
 Bruges, Ghent, Ypres
 Spinning wheel to England
Urban Revival
 1200: growth results
from manufacturing
 Venice
 “Fourth Crusade”
 15th century dominance
 The MONGOLS
 Hanseatic League
 Baltic trade
 Champagne (France)
 International Market
Fairs
Jewish Diaspora
Jewish Diaspora
 Spain
 Persecution
 Ghettoes
 1492: Spanish expulsion
 Poland
Banking
 Florence, Italy
 Checking accounts,
private shareholding,
bookkeeping
 Medici family
 Government and
banking
 Art
 Fuggers, Augsburg
 Jews and Christians
Cosimo de Medici
Renaissance
“rebirth”
Education
 9th Century
 Charlemagne
 Carolignian Renaissance
 12th Century
 Larger “Renaissance”
 Cities = center of intellectual
and artistic life
 Universities established
 Northern Italy
 Capture of Italy from Byzantines
 Greek / Arabic manuscripts
 Plato / Aristotle
Religion and Universities
 Franciscans
 Madrasas vs. University
 St. Francis
 Latin
 Simple lives
 Bologna: legal training
 Penance
 Montpellier and Salerno:
medicine
 Love of the poor
 Dominicans
 St. Dominic
 Paris and Oxford:
theology
 Education
 Queen of science
 Theology
 Scholasticism
 Summa Theologica by
Aquinas
Literature and Humanism
 Dante Alighieri
 The Divine Comedy
 Greco-Roman classical themes/mythology
 Tuscan Vernacular
 Geoffrey Chaucer
 The Canterbury Tales
 English Vernacular
 Petrarch
 Boccaccio
Printing
 Vatican Library
 Pope Nicholas V
 Erasmus of Rotterdam
 New Testament
errors/mistranslations
 Printing Press
 Gutenberg
 Movable type
 New ink
 Gutenberg Bible 1454—
first Western book
printed with movable
type
Art
 Giotto
 Florentine painter
 Replaced stiff Byzantine
figures
 Natural portraits with
emotion
 Italian Art
 Cosimo de Medici
 Flemish Art
 Jan van Eyck
 Oil point
 Leonardo da Vinci
 Mona Lisa
 The Last Supper fresco
 Michelangelo
 Sistine Chapel
 Lorenzo de Medici
 Saint Peter’s Basilica
http://www.vatican.va/vari
ous/cappelle/sistina_vr/ind
ex.html
Great Western Schism
(1378-1415)
 Pope Boniface VIII
 Divine law makes
papacy superior to
“every human creature”
 King Philip “the Fair”
 “I don’t think so!”
 Arrest the pope
 Avignon
Magna Carta (1215)
 Battle of Hastings 1066
 William the Conqueror
 1200-1400
 Wales and Ireland
 King John
 Lost Aquitaine
What it did:
 Monarchs subject to
established law
 Independence of the
church and London
 Guaranteed noble’s
hereditary rights
Hundred Years War
(….that lasted 116 years…someone can’t count)
 France vs. England
 Princess Isabella (Fr) and
King Edward II (Eng)
 Edward III of England
 Claim to French throne
 France want English
lands in “France”
 1356: Battle of Poitiers
 Jean II (Fr) and 2000
nobles taken hostage
 Ransom is
OUTRAGEOUS
 1372: Battle of La
Rochelle
 Naval victory for France
 Control of English
Channel
 1415: Battle of Agincourt
 Henry V (En) defeats
20,000 French troops
 1st use of artillery
 1428-1429: Siege of
Orleans
 Joan of Arc
Joan of Arc (1412-1431)
 13 years old
 Visions
 Charles is rightful king
of France
 Victory at Orleans
 1429: Charles crowned
king
 1430: Joan captured in
battle
 1431: Recanted visions,
sentenced to death
 Burned at the stake in
Rouen
New Monarchies and Iberia
 Take over lands
controlled by women
 Decreasing dependence
on knights
 Charles VII
 Tax on vassal lands
 Jewish tax
 English Parliament
 House of Lords
 House of Commons
 French Estates General
 Iberia
 Spain/Portugal conquest
of Muslim Iberia
 Ferdinand and Isabella
 Christopher Columbus
 Jewish and Muslim
expulsion