Transcript 1516 what-is-life-1516

Nucleic
Acids
Carbs
Proteins
Water
Lipids!
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What type of chemicals are DNA
and RNA?
Nucleic acids
Which of the following is a
stimulus?
-gravity
-sunlight
-sound
All of those things!
What is homeostasis
The maintenance of an
organism’s stable internal
conditions.
If you subtract the water from a
100 kilogram organism, how
much mass would remain?
Approximately 30 Kilograms
What chemical is necessary for
almost all metabolic processes?
Water!
What are three types of lipids and
what does each do?
-Fats…energy
-oils…energy
-phospholipids…structural (cell
membrane)
Are proteins a source of energy?
No! They are building blocks for
cell repair and enzymes. There
are some other types too, but they
are not a direct energy source.
What are enzymes and what do
they do?
They are special proteins that
speed up chemical reactions.
What are six characteristics that
all living things share?
1. Made of cells
2. Grow and develop (and die)
3. Reproduce
4. Respond to stimulus
5. Composed of certain chemicals
(like DNA, carbohydrates,
proteins, lipids, fats, and oils)
6. Use energy for metabolism
What is asexual reproduction?
Reproduction involving one
parent that produces offspring
that identical to itself.
What is sexual reproduction?
Reproduction involving two
parents that produces offspring
that is a product of a mix of
genetic information from both.
DNA can be made up of
thousands of_____
Nucleotides
What is ATP?
Adenosine Triphosphate. It is the
nucleotide that provides
metabolic energy.
Note: ATP does NOT store
energy…it is used immediately.
Carbs, fats…they store energy.
What is photosynthesis?
How about cellular respiration?
The process by which plants
convert the energy from sunlight
into food.
How about organisms making
energy from food?
Organisms that obtain their
energy by eating other organisms
are called________
Consumers or Heterotrophs
Organisms that meet their energy
needs by making their own food
are called____________
Producers or Autotrophs
Cell membranes are composed of
what type of compound?
Phospholipids
Which of the following of
environments are more difficult
to maintain homeostasis within
and why?
-Open ocean
-Desert
Desert- a far less stable
environment with drastic changes
in temperature and very little
water. It is easier to maintain
stable internal conditions if the
environment is stable. The ocean
is pretty stable compared to the
craziness of the desert.
What are two types of
carbohydrates? What type of
energy do they provide (short,
med., or long term)?
Simple and Complex
Medium term energy storage.
What is the problem with stating
that all living things need air?
While many living things do need air
(such as ourselves), there are many
organisms that do not. There are
gases in the mixture that we call air
that are important (N2, O2, & CO2
for example) but not all organisms
use them directly from air and some
archaebacteria use gases that aren’t
abundant in air at all.
Of what are proteins made?
Amino acids
What are four basic needs of
living things?
1.Living Space
2. Water
3. A source of Energy (for
us…that’s called food)
4. Maintain homeostasis
What are five types of chemicals
that are essential to most living
things?
1. Carbohydrates
2. Proteins
3. Lipids (fats, oils, phospholipids)
4. Nucleic Acids (DNA & RNA)
5. ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate:
chemical energy for cellular
metabolism)
Are viruses living
things?
Explain the reasoning
behind your answer.
No!
A virus is neither
made of cells nor can
it reproduce without a
host cell.
What makes the
cell membrane so
unique?
It is a phospholipid bilayer (two
layers of phospholipid molecules).
The hydrophilic heads face outward,
and the hydrophobic tails face
inward. This makes the membrane
waterproof.