Transcript Commiphora mukul

Anti-rheumatics
Guggul
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Recap
In the last class we learnt about
The monograph of the Antitussive drug
TULSI
The active constituents is Volatile oil
Tulsi is having a variety of activities apart from
Antitussive activity
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OBJECTIVES
On completion of this period you would be able to
learn about
The monograph of Anti-rheumatic drug
GUGGUL
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ANTIRHEUMATICS - DEFINITION
Drugs used for the treatment of rheumatism
• Rheumatism is characterized by
increased level of Uric acid in the blood,
recurrent attacks of inflammation of joints
due to deposition of monosodium urate crystals
in the cartilage and tendons
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SYMPTOMS OF RHEUMATISM
• Spontaneous pain, often severe but lasting for a few
days
• The pain may be precipitated by injury, unaccustomed
exercise or application of pressure to the region
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GUGGUL
Syn. : Indian bdellium tree,
Scented bdellium, Gum Guggul
• Biological Source:
Oleo gum resin from the bark of
Commiphora mukul
Family: Burseraceae
• Geographical Source:
India, Arabia, Bangladesh and
Pakistan
• In India it grows in Rajasthan,
Hyderabad, Madhya Pradesh,
Assam and Karnataka
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Fig.41.1 Guggul tree
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CULTIVATION AND COLLECTION
• 2-3 m tree with woody, spine scent branches
• Tree grows well in sandy loam soil with gypsum content
and pH 7.5 - 9.0
• Propagated both by seeds and stem cuttings
• Oleo gum resin is collected from at least 5 yr. plants by
making deep circular incisions
• Each plant yields ½ to 1 kg of Guggul
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MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS
RESIN
Occurs as vermicular
Rounded masses or Tears.
Nearly transparent
Moist & viscid when fresh
Burns in fire and melts in sun
Fig.41.2 Guggul tree
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MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS
RESIN
• Colour
:
• Odour
:
• Taste
:
• Solubility :
Golden, pale yellow, brown or dull brown
Fragrant and balsamic
Bitter and aromatic
Partly soluble in alcohol and in hot ethyl
acetate
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CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS
It is classified as a Oleo-gum-resin
Resin (58%) contains Steriods
Guggulosterols I, II and III
and Guggulosterones Z and E
Gum contains
Pentosan, Pentoses and Furfural
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CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS
• Essential Oil (15%) contains19 components.
Myrecene, Dimyrecene
Polymyrecene, Caryophyllene
• Other Constituents:
Sesamine, Lignan derivatives, Cholesterol,
β-sitosterol, foreign impurities 4-6%
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USES
• Guggul is having a variety of activities
• Used in Osteoarthritis, Frozen shoulders, Sciatica,
Atherosclerosis, Hemiplegia, Infective Hepatitis &
Dental infections
• Significant Anti-inflammatory, Diuretic, Anti-hypertensive,
Anti-rheumatic, Stomachic, Hypocholestremic,
Hypolipidemic and Anti-fertility activity.
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USES
• Used as Astringent, Carminative, Expectorant,
Diaphoretic
• Prophylaxis in heart attacks and strokes
• Used in Neurological disorders, Hay fever, Anaemia,
Syphilis, Thyroid disorders, Anitspasmodic
• Used in Essence sticks
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INDIGENOUS PREPARATIONS
1.
Guggulipid
(in heart disease, gout & spondilytis)
2.
Septilin
(various infections)
3.
Billiarin
(in infective hepatitis)
4.
Arogyawardhini (Acute viral infections etc.,)
5.
Guglip
(Hypocholesteremic & hypolipidemic)
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ADULTERANTS
Adulterated with resins of various Commiphora
species like
• Commiphora abyssinica
• Commiphora roxburghii
• Commiphora molmol
• Boswellia serrata
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SUMMARY
In this class we learnt about
• The monograph of the Anti-rheumatic drug GUGGUL
• Guggul contains oleo-gum resin containing steroids and
essential oils
• Can be used for variety of purposes apart from antirheumatic activity
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QUIZ
1. The active constituents in Guggul are present in
a)
Oleo-gum resin
b)
Tannins
c)
Saponins
d)
None of the above
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QUIZ
2. Rheumatism is due to accumulation of the
following compound in the joints
a)
Acetic acid
b)
Pyruvic acid
c)
Uric acid
d)
None of the above
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FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
1.
Define Anti-rheumatic drugs. Mention the Botanical
sources of two drugs
2.
Write the Botanical Source and Macroscopy of Guggul
3.
Write the Chemical constituents and Uses of Guggul
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