Transcript Cardiac Tonics

Pharmaceutical Aids
:
1
Guar gum and Gelatin
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Department of Technical Education
Andhra Pradesh
Name
Designation
Branch
Institute
Year/Semester
Subject
Subject code
Topic
Duration
Sub Topic
Teaching Aids
: BVSN Murty
: Lecturer in Pharmacy
: PHARMACY
: Govt. Polytechnic for Women, Srikakulam
: I Year
: Pharmacognosy
: PH103
: Pharmaceutical Aids
: 50 Mts
: Guar gum and Gelatin
: PPT, Photographs
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Recap
In the last class we learnt about :
The monographs of
• Sodium Alginate
• Agar
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Objectives
On completion of this period you would be able
to know about:
•The monographs of Guar gum and Gelatin
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Guar gum
Synonyms : Guar flour, Jaguar gum
Biological source :
Guar gum is the powder endosperm of
seeds of
Cyamopsis tetragonolobus.
Fig.66.1 Guar gum plant
Family : Leguminosae
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Guar gum
Geographical Source :
• Gujarat
• Maharashtra
• Karnataka
• Rajasthan
Pakistan
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Guar gum
Description :
Colour
: Colourless or pale yellowishwhite coloured powder
Odour
: Characteristic
Taste
: Gummy and characteristic
Solubility : Dispersible in water forming
Fig.66.2 Guar gum
colloidal solution
Insoluble in alcohol
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Guar gum
Identification tests:
1. Guar gum + Ruthenium red
No Pink colour
2. Guar gum + 2% lead acetate
Precpitate
3. Guar gum + weak solution of iodine
No Olive green colour
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Guar gum
Chemical Constituents:
•
Contents are divided into water-soluble and water
insoluble parts
•
Water soluble fraction consists about 85% of the gum is
known as Guaran which is hydro-collooidal
polysaccharide.
•
Guaran on hydrolysis yields 35% of Galactose and
65% of Mannose.
•
Guar gum also contains 5 to 7% proteins
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Guar gum
Uses :
• Thickening agent (It has 5 to 8 times more power
than starch)
• Protective colloid
• Binding and Disintegrating agent
• Bulk laxative
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Guar gum
Uses :
• Appetite depressant
•
In Peptic ulcer therapy
• Emulsifying agent
• In paper, Printing, Polishing and Textile industries
• In food and Cosmetic Industries
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Gelatin
Biological source:
• Gelatin is a product obtained by partial hydrolysis of
collagenous materials.
• It is derived by boiling animal tissues like
• Skin
• Tendons
• Ligaments
• Bones
• Cartilage
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Gelatin
•
The above tissues are minced into small pieces and
boiled with water
•
Then it is skimmed and subjected to straining
•
The resultant liquid is subsequently evaporated at a
low temperature after purification and drying in air
•
Now the product obtained is said to be Gelatin.
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Gelatin
Description :
Colour : Colourless or pale
yellow
Odour : Characteristic
Taste : Slight and broth-like
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Fig.66.3 Gelatin
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Gelatin
Chemical Constituents:
•
Contains bout 17 to 20% of moisture
•
1.5 to 4 % of ash
•
Gelatin chemically a protein known as Glutin
•
On hydrolysis it yields non essential amino acids
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Gelatin
Identification tests:
1.Aqueous soln. of Gelatin
+
Solution of Trinitrophenol
Precipitate
+
Solution of Tannic acid
2. Gelatin solution + Soda lime
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Heating
Ammonia gas
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Gelatin
Uses :
•
Valuable dietary supplement
•
In the preparation of ice-creams (prevents formation
of large ice crystals.
•
In confectionery, preparation of candies, jellies, meat
extracts
•
As thickener in jams, jellies, salads etc.,
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Gelatin
Uses :
•
In manufacture of Capsules, pastilles, suppositories,
urethral bogies, pastes and several cosmetic preps.
•
Antidote for halogen poisoning.
•
Substitute for blood plasma (in form of 6% Solution)
•
In Bacteriology, preparation of nutrient media.
•
As finishing agent in leather manufacturing Industry
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Summary
In this class we learnt about :
• Guar gum is a powder of endosperm of seeds of
Cyamopsis tetragonolobus and used as thickening
agent, Protective colloid, a binding and disintegrating
agent
• Gelatin is obtained by partial hydrolysis of
Collagenous materials derived by boiling animal
tissues like skin, tendons, ligaments and bones with
water.
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Quiz
1. Guar gum belongs to
a. Leguminosae
b. Apidae
c. Solanaceae
d. Graminae
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Quiz
2. Gelatin is used in
a. Bacteriology
b. Manufacture of capsules
c. Preparation of Ice-creams
d. All of the above
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Quiz
3. On heating Gelatin with soda lime liberates
a. Nitrogen gas
b. Carbon dioxide
c. Ammonia gas
d. None of the above
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Frequently asked Questions
1. Write the Family, Chemical constituents and Uses
of Guar gum
2. Write the monograph of Guar gum and Gelatin.
3. Write the Biological source, Chemical constituents
and uses of Gelatin.
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