Transcript RNA - Burlington Township School District

Translation
Turning the information stored
in DNA into protein the cell can
use
Remember…
DNA contains sections of information
called genes - code for a protein.
 DNA is transcribed to RNA so that
information is able to leave the
nucleus.
 RNA then moves to the ribosome and
the process of translation begins.

– Translation is the way the information
now found in the RNA is turned into
proteins.
What does the RNA
sequence mean???
A
codon is a group of 3 letters in the
mRNA. The anticodon is the
complementary sequence found on
the tRNA.
 Each codon of the mRNA code
signal a type of amino acid, a “start
code”, or an end to a protein.
 Use the codon chart to translate the
RNA into amino acids
Amino
Acids
The Parts
tRNA
Ribosome
Anticodons
mRNA
Codons
Genetic Codes
Translation
 Translation
is the process
by which the information in
RNA is converted into
protein.
 Proteins are long chains of
amino acids.
Translation Steps
1.
2.
3.
4.
mRNA moves to the cytoplasm
then to the ribosomes. tRNA
“reads” the mRNA until it finds
the “start” codon AUG with amino
acid methionine.
tRNA starts transfering amino
acids to ribosome and begins
assembly.
Ribosomes attach amino acids
together forming a protein chain.
Protein chain keeps growing until
a stop codon is reached.
Codons and Amino
Acids
There are 21 different types of
amino acids.
 AUG is the “start codon” and also
signals for the amino acid
methionine
 UAA, UAG, and UGA are “stop
codons” and signal the ribosome
to release the newly formed
protein.

Practice
DNA: TAC-GAG-CAA-GTC-ACT
RNA: AUG-CUC-GUU-CAG-UGA
AA: Met Leu Val Glu Stop
DNA: TGC-TAC-AGG-TCC-ATT
RNA: ACG-AUG-UCC-AGG-UAA
AA:
Met Ser Arg Stop
DNA: TGA-CCG-TAC-GTC-ATC
RNA: ACU-GGC-AUG-CAG-UAG
AA:
Met Glu Stop