Transcript THE MEDIEVAL CHURCH SUMMARY

3
The World in 1050
As Western Europe was just emerging from a period of isolation,
civilizations were thriving elsewhere.
ISLAMIC EMPIRE
Islamic civilization
spread from Spain to
India.
Islamic traders went as
far as West Africa.
INDIA
CHINA
Cities thrived, despite
political division.
Culture flourished under
Tang and Song dynasties.
Hinduism and Buddhism
flourished.
Chinese made advances
in technology.
WEST AFRICA
AMERICAS
The Sonike people built
the great trading empire
of Ghana.
Mayas cleared rain forests
to build cities.
Scholars studied Greek
and Roman writings.
Native Americans in Peru
built empires.
Merchants mingled with
traders from the Italian
states.
Merchants traded gold
all over the world.
BYZANTINE EMPIRE
THE CRUSADES
1096-1204 C.E.
History of Religion Map
The First Crusade: God Wills It!
• 1095 – Pope Urban II calls for
knights to defeat Turks attacking
Byzantine Empire
• 1096 – Knights, peasants, and
trained soldiers were on their
way to Jerusalem
i. Plan to retake Jerusalem,
the holy land of Jesus
• Why people went
i. Religious Zeal / Adventure
ii. Gain land / Get Rich
iii.Escape trouble at home
• 1099 – Jerusalem captured:
Slaughtered all the Jews and
Muslims in the city
The Rest of the Crusades
2nd Crusade – 1147
a. Christians defeated
b. Jerusalem falls to Saladin
3rd Crusade – 1189
a. Led by Frederick Barbarossa (Red Beard)
of Germany
i. He drowned on the trip there
b. King Richard the Lion-Hearted of England
i. Failed to recapture Jerusalem and he was
capture
4th Crusade
a. 1202-1204
i. Defeating the Muslims too hard
ii. Attack, burn, and loot Constantinople, a
Christian capital
Other Crusades
a. All failures
Saladin
Effects of the Crusades
1. Economy
a. Encouraged trade
b. Money economy grew
2. Monarchy
a. Increased royal power
b. Could collect taxes to support
crusades
c. Magna Carta limited king’s
authority – Crusades
strengthened monarchy
3. Church
a. Increased power of pope
b. Popes clashed with feudal
monarchs for power
c. Church gained huge
amounts of land from
deaths in crusades
4. Worldview
a. Increased contact with
other peoples
b. Expanded European
horizons
4
Literature, Architecture, and Art
As economic and political conditions improved, Europeans made notable
achievements in literature and the arts.
LITERATURE
ARCHITECTURE
•New writings in the
vernacular, or language of
everyday people, captured
the spirit of the times.
•Towering stone cathedrals
symbolized wealth and religious
devotion.
•The epic Song of Roland
(France)
•Dante’s Divine Comedy
(Italy)
•Chaucer’s Canterbury
Tales (England)
ART
•Sculptors portrayed
religious themes.
•The Romanesque style
reflected Roman influences.
•Stained-glass windows
added to the splendor of
Gothic churches.
•The Gothic Style was
characterized by flying
buttresses, or stone supports
that stood outside the church.
•The Gothic style was
applied to painting and
illumination, the artistic
decoration of books.