Transcript Exploration and Colonization of the New World United States History

Exploration and Colonization of the New World
United States Histor
Early Exploration to the New World
Leif Erickson
- Viking Explorer
- 1000 A.D.
- First European to land in
the New World
- Vinland – Newfoundland
The Atlantic World
Christopher Columbus
• Italian explore who
convinced Queen Isabella
and King Ferdinand of
Spain to sponsor a trip
to the East Indies
• Instead of going East he
planned on sailing to the
West
The Expedition
• Columbus set sail in August 1492 with three
ships: Nina, Pinta and Santa Maria.
• He sailed to the West for Gold,
God and
Glory.
• Reach the Bahamas and San Salvador on October
12, 1492.
• He capture several “Indians” that he “discovered”
and other items from his trip and returned to
Europe in March 1493.
Early Explorations
• When he returned Columbus he announced
that he had found a route to the East Indies.
• As word spread countries and Europe began
to send their own explorers to the West.
• Word of his discovery also started tensions
between Spain and Portugal. To end the
tension and to prevent war the Pope
established a the Line of Demarcation that
divided settlement in the New World.
Line of Demarcation 1493
America and the New World
• Columbus made four trips to the New World.
• He had promised that he would find gold and
spices that would make money for Spain, but
he failed.
• He was always convinced that he had found
the East Indies.
• He died penniless.
America and the New World
• In 1501, Amerigo Vespucci sailed to the West
and discovered the Amazon River and other
features in South America.
• When he returned he said that he discovered
a New World.
• A German map maker Martin Waldseemuller
proposed that the new world be named
America in his honor.
The Columbian Exchange
• However, Columbus would not be forgotten
because his name is used to describe the
transfer of food, animals and disease between
the New World and Europe, Asia and Africa.
Food, Plants and Animals from the
New World
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maize (corn)
potato
sweet potato
beans
peanuts
pumpkin
squash
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tomato
Chile pepper
cocoa
turkey
vanilla
• tobacco
• avocado
Food, Animals, Plants and Disease
from Europe, Asia, and Africa
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Foods
coffee bean
bananas
sugar cane
olives
grapes
onions
peach and pear
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Grains
wheat
rice
barley
oats
Food, Animals, Plants and Disease
from Europe, Asia, and Africa
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Animals
cattle
sheep
pig
horses
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Diseases
small pox
influenza
typhus
measles
malaria
diphtheria
whooping cough
Interactions between Europeans and
American Indians
• The explorations and settlements of the
English in the American colonies and
Spanish in the Caribbean, Central
America, and South America, often led to
violent conflicts with the American
Indians (First Americans).
• The Indians lost their traditional
territories and millions fell victim to
diseases carried from Europe.