Transcript The Way Things Were

The Age of
Exploration
Setting the Scene
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Feelings of the Renaissance
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Man can do _____________________________

We are ____________________________

____________________________ sails
around the world in order to find a different
route to ______________
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Lots of __________________ was available
for nations that could increase ____________
The Way Things Were
For a long time, Europeans were solely
attracted to good from _________________
 Merchants and traders would travel across
land from Europe to Asia to get ___________
and _________________
 However, in the 14th century, travel by land
was made very difficult by wars, and
conquests that were going on
 Merchants, not wanting to lose ___________
opportunities, began looking for a way to get
to Asia by _____________
 By the end of the _______ century,
Europeans began taking overseas journeys
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Why expand?
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Europeans had many reasons for expanding:
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More __________________ = More ___________
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Spices and precious metals
Religious Zeal
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______________________________ must be converted
to Catholicism
 “catholic” = __________________________________
 “Catholic” = specific Christian religion
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Desire for credit
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Spirit of ____________________________
Fame and fortune
Basically…_____________________________
 Marks the beginning of a _________________
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The First Trading Empire
______________________ took the first step
 In _________, Portuguese fleets began
traveling south, down the coast of _________
 A new source of gold was found, causing to
call the southern coast of western Africa the
“_____________________________”
 Portuguese sea captains heard reports of a
route to Asia going around the tip of Africa
 Vasco de Gama took this route
 He made it to ___________________, got a
boat load of ____________________ and
made a profit of several thousand percent!!
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The Portuguese Take Control
Because of de Gama’s success, many people
followed in his footsteps (waves?  )
 The goal of the Portuguese was to _________
the Muslims control of the spice trade
 To get complete control, the Portuguese
needed control of _____________________
 In Melaka, the Portuguese signed a ________
with a local ruler to establish control of the
spice trade
 The Portuguese were so successful because
they had ________________ and _________
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Where’d the Skill Come From?
Most of Europe’s sailing knowledge came from
the ________________
 Charts and drawings known as ____________
showed the shape of coastlines
 However, because they did not take into
account the _____________________ of the
Earth they were useless for overseas trips
 A few new inventions helped the Europeans
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______________________________ the art and
science of mapmaking
________________________
Triangular ___________________
Voyages to America
The Portuguese reached the spice trade by
sailing _____________________
 The Spanish sought to reach it by going _____
because they knew the world was not _______
 Christopher Columbus was ______________
but became a prominent Spanish explorer
 He persuaded Queen __________________ to
fund his trip in 1492
 He was looking for _______________ but
reached the Americas instead (Not America)
 He called all the people he found in the
Caribbean and Central America “___________”
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A Line of Demarcation
Spain and Portugal became fierce rivals. Both
feared that the other would impede on their
new territories.
 In order to protect their new holdings, they
signed the Treaty of __________________
 This treaty set up an imaginary line, dividing
the globe called the line of _______________
 Portugal got everything ________________
of the line and Spain got everything to the
________________ of it
 This meant that Portugal got _____________
and Spain got the _____________________

Race to the Americas
Soon after the story of Christopher Columbus
reached Europe, many realized that he had
discovered an entirely new frontier
 European ______________________ began
sponsoring explorers to go to the Americas
 SIDENOTE: The Americas were not called the
“Americas” until the ______________
 Amerigo Vespucci went on many voyages to
“The New World” and wrote letters home
describing the lands he saw
 These letters led to the use of the name
______________________ for the new lands
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The Not-So-New World
Europeans often viewed The New World as an
opportunity for conquest and exploitation
 Spanish __________________________
were well-armed, determined men
 _______________ overthrew the Aztec
Empire in three years
 _______________ took control of the Incas
 In a classic move of ____________________
Queen Isabella claimed all Native Americans
were now under her control and allowed
Spaniards to use them as _______________
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The Sad Story
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Europeans took a toll on the native population
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_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
For example…
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Hispaniola’s population went from 250,000 to 500
Mexico went from 25 million to ____ million
Spanish settlers were under orders to protect
the native people, but usually did not
 All native political, religious, and economic
systems were replaced by ________________
systems
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Economic Impact and Competition
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International trade led to commercial capitalism
which helped lead to a world _____________
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The main goal of trade was ______________

The New World was rich with _____________,
______________________, and livestock
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The extensive exchange of material between
the Old and New Worlds became known as the
____________________________________
New Rivals Enter the Trading Game
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The English
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The Dutch
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Arrived in India in _______
East India Company (India)
West India Company (______________________)
The French
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At the beginning of the ______ century, they
began establishing trade relationships in India
In the _____________, they colonized parts of
_________________ and ____________________
France and England had such a fierce rivalry
going that they drove the _______________
out of business
Taking Over the World
In the 1500s and 1600s European nations
began establishing __________________
 A colony is a settlement of people living in a
new territory but under the control of a
__________________________________
 Parent countries wanted to encourage
____________________ to their colonies.
 To do this they
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Granted _____________________ to new
industries
Improved _________________________
Placed high ____________________ on foreign
goods to keep them out of the country