Transcript Expanded Influence of Western Civilization 1400-

A Larger World Opens: Expanded
Influence of Western Civilization
1400’s
Age of Exploration and
Colonization
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Europe in the Dark Ages
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FOOD
Ideas
Questions
Hopes, dreams, aspirations
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A Look Back
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Crusades
• 1095-1291 Battle between two religious
groups. Why?
• What was the immediate outcome of the
Crusades?
• What was the far reaching outcome of the
Crusades – and how does it show that the
far away past effects the present?
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The Renaissance
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Literature
Science
Art
Politics
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Motives in the Age of
Exploration
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Attracted to East for silks and spices
Desire for wealth and adventure
Religious zeal- save souls
• Gold, Glory and God
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Pattern of Contact
Begin by trading
n Armed conflict- Europeans had cannon
n Set up trading partners- some stay to
protect partners and Europeans
n Made alliances with local leaders
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Developed mercantilism- trade centered
around Home Nation
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Impact on World by European
Contact
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Purpose was to serve the homeland weather it
was slaves, furs, cotton, fish, spices, tobacco,
gold or silver. Colonies improved the lives of
Europeans greatly.
In the Americas
• More intermarriage by Spanish
/Portuguese and French
• Disease was devastating. Measles,
influenza, smallpox
• Violence common
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The World Dominated by Europe
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Africa- completely dominated by Europe- only
one independent country Ethiopia
Southeast and Asia- French in Vietnam,
British in Burma, Spanish in Philippines,
Dutch in Indonesia
India- French and British compete- British win
out, not independent until 1948
South America- Spanish dominated: Others
joined ( French, Dutch, British, and
Portuguese) too
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Improvements in Navigation
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Better maps, follow coasts at first, used
compass
better ships- square sails and new hull
design, heavy enough to carry canon
use of astrolabe- magnetic compass
sail by stars
knowledge of wind patterns
First the Portuguese (Prince Henry)
then Spanish, France and England
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Portuguese Explorers
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Prince Henry- 1460t looking for trade
and an ally against the Muslims/ Congo
Diaz- made it to Cape of Good Hope
1488
Vasco de Gama- went in search of
Christians and spices- arrived in India
1510 Portuguese flags in Goa, India
and Macao, China
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The Spanish
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believed had to be a short cut by sailing
west
Columbus- (Genoan) went west 1492
arrived in Caribbean thought it was the
Indies thus the west IndiesMagellan- around the world
East and West divided- Pope drew a
line Spain and Portugal
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Pattern of Contact
Begin by trading
n Armed conflict- Europeans had cannon
n set up trading partners- some stay to
protect partners and Europeans
n made alliances with local leaders
n Dutch and English less apt to become
involved with culture/religion
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developed mercantilism- material from
colony- buy finished products form Europe.
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Slave Trade
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Portuguese- trade with Africa- To
Portugal as servants than to Brazil to
work on plantations
Africans less susceptible to European
diseases that Native Americans
But death rate was high 13-30% just on
the trip
African middlemen active- depopulate entire areas of
Africa- food from Americas helped increase birthrate
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Spice Trade-East Indies
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Very important to Europeans- made
food palatable
Portuguese again led the way
Spain in the Philippines- stayed till 1898
Dutch East India Company very
aggressive- competed with British East
India Company
Both dominated the East Indies and
India
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