Transcript Chapter 1
CHAPTER ONE NOTES AP US HISTORY NEW WORLD BEGINNINGS MRS. MARSHALL ICE AGE Ice Age Bering Strait-between Siberia and Alaska NATIVE AMERICANS SOUTH AMERICA Incas Mayans Aztecs NORTH AMERICA Pueblo Creek Choctaw Cherokee Iroquois RENAISSANCE Period of European history Lasted from about 1300-1600 during which renewed interest in classical culture led to far reaching changes in art, learning and views of the world. PORTUGUESE AND SPANIARDS First Europeans to encounter people in Africa and America CONSEQUENCES OF COMMINGLING Consequences from commingling two ecosystems: Population loss Conquest African slavery Cultural change Economic expansion PORTUGUESE EXPLORERS Prince Henry the Navigator Bartholomeu Dias Vasco da Gama Marco Polo CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE The explosion in international commerce CONQUISTADORS Vasco Nunez Balboa Ferdinand Magellan Juan Ponce de Leon Francisco Coronado Hernando de Soto Francisco Pizarro Hernan Cortes TREATY OF TORDESILLAS 1494 agreement between Portugal and Spain declaring that newly discovered lands to the west of an imaginary line in the Atlantic Ocean would belong to Spain and newly discovered lands to the east of the line would belong to Portugal MOTIVES Spanish motives for colonization and exploration: Searching for gold and glory To spread Christianity Spanish hierarchical social structure • • • Influenced by the authoritarian hierarchy of their religion and of the Spanish government Spanish society in New World was impacted by patterns of migration and a dependence on slave labor Encomiendas-a system of large manors or estates with Indian slaves ruthlessly managed for the benefit of the conqusitadores Hacienda system-replaced the encomienda system Peninsulares-native Spaniards Creoles-of Spanish parentage but born in the New World JOHN CABOT England Explored the northeastern coast of North America in 149798 Cabot was searching for Northwest Passage 1st European since the Viking voyages to reach the mainland of North America, which he claimed for England JACQUES CARTIER France-1534 Journeyed up the St. Lawrence River