Transcript 7. Chap 7 Sec 2 - PowerPoint

Chapter 7.2
Rome Expands
Its Borders
Rome Fights Carthage
*Mid 200’s B.C. – Rome
and Carthage come into
conflict
*Carthage – City on the
coast of N. Africa
Carthage
*
*
*
*
Commercial power
Had interests in Sicily
Feared Rome wanted Sicily
Rome feared Carthaginian
navy wanted to control the
Mediterranean
Carthage vs. Rome
* Conflict over Sicily led to
the Punic Wars
-Rome vs. Carthage
-3 costly wars
First Punic War
*Began 264 B.C. lasted 23 yrs.
*Rome – No navy to start war
*Quickly developed navy from
captured Carthaginian boat
*Added landing bridges to ships
to take enemies ships
First Punic War: Results
*Carthage asked for peace
treaty
*Rome forced Carthage to
pay huge war reparations
(repay money)
*Romans control Sicily
Second Punic War
*218 – 202 B.C.
*Hannibal: Great Carthaginian
general
*Assembled huge army in Spain
-Included soldiers, horses and war
Elephants
*Marched through Alps Italy
-Many soldiers died
Hannibal
Second Punic War
*Roman Legions no match for
Hannibal: retreat
*Hannibal: not equipped to
attack Roman cities
-Destroyed countryside
-Romans: Remained loyal to
Rome
Second Punic War
*Rome invades Africa and
threatens Carthage
-Hannibal ordered home
*Scipio – Great Roman
General
*Defeated Hannibal: Battle
of Zama
Scipio
Second Punic War: Results
*Punishment of Carthage
-pay war reparations again
-Had to give up navy & Spanish
colonies
-Lost majority of its power to Rome
*Rome: most powerful in Western
Mediterranean
Third Punic War
*Carthage: not a threat to
Rome
-still hated
*149 B.C. – Roman Senate
decides to crush Carthage
-Siege on city
Third Punic War: Results
•146 B.C. – Carthage
eliminated for good
•Rome: Superpower of
the Med. Sea
Problems with Expansion
*Expanding size of Rome =
changes in government
*Senate: controls army/foreign
policy
*New provinces governed
loosely
Problems with Expansion
*Conquered people:
subjects of Rome.
-not citizens
~Overtaxed
~poorly governed
~mistreated
Domestic Problems
*B/c of Punic Wars: Farms
destroyed
-Import grain from territories
*Farmers: No money: sold farms
and moved to the city
-Many could not find work
Domestic Problems
*Equites – new social class
-Business people: gain money
from trade
*Social gap:
-Rich=richer
-Poor=poorer
Spartacus
• Slave who lead a revolt
in 73 B.C.
• 70,000 Slaves
participated
• Romans: put down
revolt in two years
• Spartacus: died in
battle