Transcript Rome #2

The Rise of Rome
The Roman Army
All male citizens required to serve in army;
couldn’t hold public office until one had served
in the army for at least ten years.
Legion= 4,000-6,000/ infantry & cavalry;
divided in 60 smaller groups called a century.
More flexible than the Greek phalanx.
Rome Creates a Balanced Government
1.
The Consul= two consuls took the place of a
king; commanded the army and
directed the government. Could only
serve for one year and one could overrule
(veto) the other.
2.
Assembly= all citizen-soldiers were members.
3.
Dictator= in times of crises;
absolute power to make laws and
command the army, but for only 6
months.
Rome Creates a Balanced Government
4.
Senate= aristocratic branch; membership
for life.
Rome Won Control of Italy
1.
2.
3.
The Gauls sacked Rome and left it in
ruins around 390 BC.
The Romans recovered quickly and would
not be sacked again for around 800 years.
The Greeks under Pyrrhus brought 20,000
soldiers to fight. However, the Greeks
suffer terrible loses.
The 1st Punic War
1.
2.
3.
Rome and Carthage would go to war for
control of Sicily around 264 BC causing the
1st Punic War.
Carthage had: 3 times the
population of Rome, 500
navy ships, and more
resources.
Rome had: a small
population, no
navy, and less
resources.
The 1st Punic War
4.
5.
Carthaginian warship washed up on Italian
shore. Rome copies the design and creates
their own navy. Win the first two naval
battles.
Carthage is defeated after 23 years ending
Carthage’s sea power & Rome takes
control of Sicily.
The 2nd Punic War
1.
2.
Carthage is led by Hannibal, who creates
one of the greatest militaries of all time.
Traveled up and down the Italian Peninsula
for 13 years defeating three Roman armies.
The 2nd Punic War
3.
4.
The Roman leader Scipio attacks Carthage
causing Hannibal to rush home and help.
Battle of Zama= Scipio defeats Hannibal
ending the 2nd Punic War. Hannibal later
kills himself to avoid capture.
The 3rd Punic War
1.
2.
3.
The Romans still hold hostilities toward
Carthage.
Romans completely destroyed & burned
Carthage between 149-146 BC.
Rome wins the Punic Wars over Carthage.