Transcript The Punic Wars

REVIEW
1.What is the largest unit in the Roman army?
2.How many troops are in that unit?
3.What did Legionaries do for training?
4.Who were the auxiliaries?
5.What was their reward for serving in the
army?
The Punic Wars
World History
I. Beginning
A. Carthage
1. Richest, most powerful state in Mediterranean
2. Empire included parts of Sicily
a. Made Rome nervous
B. Causes
1. Carthaginian presence in Sicily
2. Carthage threatened to take straight of
Messina
3. War broke out in 264 B.C.
http://www.uncp.edu/home/rwb/punicwar_map.jpg
II. First Punic War (264-241 B.C.)
A. Carthage strong navy
B. Rome strong army
C. Rome builds navy, land tactics on water
1. Defeats Carthaginian navy
D. Carthage surrenders
1. Cede all rights to Sicily
2. Agrees to pay indemnity to Rome
III. Second Punic War 218-202 B.C.
A. Carthaginian General Hannibal stops
Roman revolt in Spain
B. Decides to take war to Rome
C. 30,000 men, 6,000 horses and 40 war
elephants try to cross the Alps
1. Half die, all but one elephant
D. Battle of Cannae 216 B.C.
– kills 50,000 Romans
1. Rome rebuilds army
III. Second Punic War 218-202 B.C.
E. Hannibal doesn’t have enough men to attack
major cities
F. Attacks countryside and legions
G. Scipio – Roman general
1. Takes battle to Carthage
2. Battle of Zama (202 B.C.) – defeats Hannibal
3. Carthage lost Spain
4. Promised not to go to war without Rome’s
permission
IV. Third Punic War
A. Fifty years later, Carthage goes to war in
Africa
B. Rome attacks
1. Cato
a. “and I think Carthage should be
destroyed”
2. 146 B.C. Carthage destroyed
V. Post-war
A. Rome started war with Macedonia
1. Defeated in 197 B.C.
2. Under Roman “protection”
B. Roman control of entire region