Transcript Chapter 7 – The Roman World

Chapter 7 – The Roman World
1000 BC – 476 AD
Section 2 – Rome expands its Borders
• Predict some possible causes of conflict between the
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growing Roman Republic and the surrounding
Mediterranean peoples
Answers: trade rivalry and economic competition,
competition for land, mutual suspicion, cultural threats,
Main Idea: Through warfare and alliances, the Roman
Republic greatly expanded the lands under their control.
The Punic Wars
• Places: Rubicon, Carthage, Alps,
• Rome vs. Carthage – why?
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First Punic War – 264 BC
Rome has no navy, builds one – what was the model?
Land warfare at sea = “boarding bridges”
War ends after 23 years – 241 BC
Punic Wars
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Second Punic War: 218 BC
Hannibal
Crossing the Alps into Italy
Laid waste to the countryside
Wanted to win away Rome’s allies – successful?
Scipio – Roman general
Rome goes after Carthage – Hannibal has to go home
Carthage has to give up their Navy and colonies in Spain
Hannibal v. Scipio
Battle of Zama
Punic Wars
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Third Punic War
Roman Senate decides to crush Carthage
Carthage was destroyed in 146 BC
By 133 BC Rome had extended its control over the
entire region – supreme power in the
Mediterranean
Destruction of Carthage
"Furthermore, it is my opinion that Carthage must be
destroyed", a position earlier cited by Cicero in his
dialogue De Senectute.
Provinces
• Each province was administered by a governor
• Rome becomes dependent upon the provinces over
time for grain
• Equites: class of business people connected to trade
• Within the Republic the gap between the rich and
the poor, powerful and powerless, continued to
grow
Spartacus
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Led revolt that began in 73 BC
More than 70,000 slaves took part
Spartacus dies in battle
Some 6,000 rebels were crucified