Transcript The Punic Wars

Roman Expansion
• Rome expanded their republic by conquering
neighbors and making alliances.
 Rome’s strong army was
organized into legions.
 Each legion contained 5,000
soldiers called legionaries.
 Legions could be divided into
groups of 60-120 soldiers called
maniples.
Carthage
The Punic Wars
• The Punic Wars are 3 wars between Rome
and Carthage that spanned 100 years.
• The 1st Punic War 264-241 BCE: Rome
developed its Navy to beat Carthage on the
Mediterranean. (Sicily)
• The 2nd Punic War 218-201 BCE: Hannibal
Barca entered Italy from the Alps. (Spain)
• The 3rd Punic War 149-143 BCE: Rome
defeated Carthage. (Africa, Corsica, Sardinia)
Hannibal
• Hannibal came to Rome’s
wall, but couldn’t enter Rome.
• Hannibal raided and burned Roman
villages for 15 years.
• Hannibal returned to Carthage when Rome
attacked his homeland.
Carthage lost, and gave up Spain and their
territories to Rome.
Effects of Conquest
• Small farms were destroyed
by Hannibal’s raids.
• Patricians purchased farms
and created latifundias
(large estates).
• Slavery expanded in Rome, taking jobs.
• Plebeians and farmers moved to cities.
• Rome demanded taxes from conquered territories.
• The gap between the rich and poor grew!!