Transcript The Punic Wars

The Punic Wars
Who is your greatest enemy?
Why?
Expansion
• Rome conquered
Samnites and began to
expand throughout the
pennisula
• Syracuse in Sicily
attacked Mammertines
who had captured
Messina, Mammertines
asked for assistance from
Rome and Carthage
• Both came to the aide
and started a 20 yr war
Carthage
• Carthage was a
Phoenician colony
• Great sailors who
controlled the Western
Mediterranean
• Developed as a military
power house at the same
time Rome was rising as
a power house
• In North Africa with well
protected ports
• Rome called Punicci
First Punic War
• A 20 yr war between Rome
and Carthage
• Rome took Sicily and Sardinia,
and developed a method of
using a hook called a crow to
fight on ships like on land,
defeated young general
named Hamilcar Baracawas
• Carthage forced to pay a
retribution for losing the war
• Carthage almost went
bankrupt trying to repay Rome
Hannibal and the 2nd Punic War
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Hamilcar had a son Hannibal, son to
Baal a Phoenician god, made him take
an oath pledging to always hate Rome
Rome invaded Spain and drove the
Carthiginians out or made them pay
heavy taxes, began to rebel asked for
help, Hannibal had a large army and
responded
Rome had built a larger navy and
controlled the sea even though the
Carthigininas were better sailors,
decided to cross the Alps w/ war
elephants and force Rome to recall all
of their troops, Hannibal croosed the
Alps w/ 26,000 infantry, 4,000 calvary
and 20 of 60 war elephants, aided by
the Gauls who were at war with Rome
he headed south
Defeated the Roman army 3 x’s until
Rome put a new general w/ 36,000
men in the way at Lake Trasemine
Hannibal And the 2nd Punic War,
part2
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Rome paniced as a large army was
destroyed then Hannibal led his army
against new consuls, at Cannae
Trapped the Romans against a river and
killed over 70,000 Romans including the
consul from the senate in charge
Rome paniced and began drafting boys of
age 16 and slaves into the army, was
breaking apart Roman system
15 yrs of fighting, Hannibal asked for help
from bro in Spain who lost to Scipio, Scipio
then elected Consul and took Roman army
to North Africa which forced Carthage to
recall Hannibal
Battle of Zama, Scipio Africanus defeated
Hannibal
Hannibal surrendered to a harsh
punishment, Carthage isolated in Africa, lost
Numidia, paid a large indemnity to Rome an
dagreed to not war outside of Africa and only
in Africa w/ permission
3rd Punic war and the destruction of
Carthage
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Carthage recovered economically,
led by Hannibal , Rome
demanded that he surrender as a
war criminal, fled to Greece and
Turkey where the Romans were
expanding in pursuit
Haniibal took poison to avoid
capture
Numidia pressed Carthage into
attacking, bringing Rome into the
3rd Punic war, Rome attacked city
and forced a surrender,
inhabitants of city sold into
slavery, all their land became a
Roman province and salt was
sowed in the ground to make sure
nothing would grow there again
The Illyrian Wars
• Romans invaded Greece
but set all of the Greek
city states free
• Greeks began fighting
each other allowing the
Romans to let them
weaken themselves
• This allowed Rome to
attack and plunder
Greece when they
needed money and
Greece remained weak