Transcript Mediterranean Europe

Where is Mediterranean Europe?
Mediterrean Europe
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Spain
Portugal
Andorra
Italy
Vatican City
Malta
Greece
The Mediterrean region was home
to the two great civilizations of
ancient Europe. What were they?
• Ancient Greece
• Ancient Rome
Two geographic advantages helped
this region develop
• Mild climate made survival easier and
societies had time to develop complex
institutions such as government
• Mediterranean Sea encouraged trade with
different societies bringing new ideas to
the area. This leads to advances in
knowledge
Greece: Birthplace
of Democracy
Maps of Greece
• The city-state of Athens developed the first
democracy, a government in which the
people rule.
• In Athens, all free adult males were
citizens who had the right to serve in the
law-making assembly
• Athenian democracy helped inspire the US
system of government
• Warring among the city-states of Greece
weakened them and they were eventually
conquered by Alexander the Great
Greek science, philosophy, drama
and art helped shape modern culture.
The Parthenon in Greece
Famous Greek Temple (450 BC) near Athens
Typical Greek village
and Greek money
City of Santorini in Greece
Greek Heroes: Jason, Hercules…
Homer’s epics: The Iliad and Odyssey
Apennine Mts.-Italy
“All roads lead to Rome”
• As Greece was losing
it’s power, Rome was
rising
• Founded in 753 BC
• Huge empire by 100 AD
• Built a large network of
roads for
communication and to
make it easy for armies
to march
• Rome was a republic, a government in
which citizens elect representatives to rule
in their name
• Rome conquered the Iberian and Balkan
peninsulas
• Because of turmoil in the country, Rome
put aside its republic and began to be
ruled by an emperor.
• One of Rome’s territories was Palestine,
the place where Jesus was born.
Christianity spread across the Roman
empire when it became Rome’s official
religion in the late 300 AD’s
Italy
The Coliseum in Rome
• The invaders who overthrew Rome had no
strong central government and so Italy
eventually became divided into many
small city-states.
• In 1096, Christians launched the Crusades
against the Muslims that were controlling
Palestine.
• Italians earned large profits by supplying
ships for the Crusaders.
• Italian states became rich and they grew
powerful once again
Vatican City Smallest populated nation. Have their
own flag and currency
Vatican St. Peters Basilica
Vatican- Old painting
Renaissance
• Began in the Italian city-states
• Time of renewed interest in learning and
the arts that lasted from the 14th – 16th
century
• Renaissance ideas spread north to the
rest of Europe
Renaissance
The
started in Italy in the 1300’s with
famous artists and inventors- such as: Leonardo, Michaelangelo,
Donatelo, and Rafael
Michaelangelo’s “Awakening Slave” &
“Holy Family”
Michaelangelo’s “Creation of Man”
Painted on ceiling of the Sistine Chapel
Rafael’s “Madonna”
Leonardo DaVinci
Artist & inventor
Italy
Venice -Canals throughout the city (sinking)
Venice
Gondolas
Leaning tower of
Pisa
Iberian Peninsula
• Spain and Portugal established colonies
throughout the Americas and elsewhere
• They spread Catholicism and the Spanish
and Portuguese language throughout the
world
Pyrenees Mountains
Pyrenees Mts. have isolated Iberian Pen. from Europe
SPAIN
Rock of Gilbrator
The Rock of Gibraltar is famous for its strategic importance;
it holds an underground military communication center and
a naval base.
From a different angle-