Transcript Unit 2- India, China, Greece, and Rome

UNIT 2- ANCIENT GREECE AND
ROME
GREECE- FIRST GREEK CIVILIZATIONS
• Mountains, coastal civilizations, many islands
• Minoan Civilization- Crete
• Mycenae
-Homer: Poet who wrote 1st epic poems of Greece, The Illiad and The Odyssey
GREEK CITY STATES
• Polis
• Architecture- Parthenon
• Military
-Hoplites
-Phalanx
SPARTA
• Military State
• Oligarchy
• 2 kings, Ephors, men over 60
• Discouraged travel and new ideas
• Boys and the military?
• Women in society?
ATHENS
• Direct Democracy
• King then Oligarchy under aristocrats
• Who was a citizen and what were some rights?
• How were women treated?
PERSIANS
• Darius
-Marathon defeat
• Xerxes
-Vowed revenge
-Thermopylae
-Defeated
AGE OF PERICLES
• Athenian power and brilliance
• The Great Peloponnesian War
-Athens and Sparta
-A Plague, 25 years of fighting, defeat, the struggle was real!
GREEK RELIGION/DRAMA
•
12 Gods and Goddesses, Mount Olympus
-Zeus, Athena, Apollo, Ares, Aphrodite, Poseidon
•
•
Rituals and the Oracle
Drama included tragedies and comedies
-tragedies: set of 3 plays; examined problems, rights, divine forces, human nature
-Comedy: entertain and provoke reaction, criticized politicians and intellectuals
•
Olympics, where did they originate?
GREEK PHILOSOPHY
• Socrates
• Plato
• Aristotle
ALEXANDER THE GREAT, OR WAS HE?
• Age 20 took over
• Defeated Persians expanded empire for 11 years
• What was his legacy?
• Hellenistic Era
-expansion of Greek language and ideas to Asia and beyond
-Architecture, Literature, Science, Philosophy
ROME
• Republic
• Good diplomats
• Mighty military
• Political institutions created in response to problems
• Patricians vs. Plebeians and the Senate-3 branches of government
• Twelve Tables created the Law of Nations
• Women in Rome?
RULERS
• Julius Caesar
-Assassinated
• Octavian and Antony
• Augustus
• Nero
• Pax Romana?
SLAVERY AND GAMES- THE COLISEUM
• Spartacus
• Gladiators
• Christians