Transcript Nutrition - Parma Middle School

Nutrition
What is Nutrition?
• The process of using food and its substances to help your body have
energy, grow, develop, and work properly
• Using food in order for your body to function
Calories
• Units of heat that measure the energy used by the body and the
energy that foods supply to the body
• Gives you energy
• How long it will burn
• Calorie intake vs Calories used
Nutrients
• Substances in food that your body needs
• Three roles
• Giving energy
• Building new tissues and repairing cells
• Helping your body’s processes and systems run
• Nutrient Deficiency
• Not enough nutrients
• Prevents proper growth
• Leave you feeling tired
Factors that Influence Food Choices
• Family & Friends
• Cultural Background
• Food Available
• Time and Money
• Advertising
• Knowledge of nutrition
• Personal preferences
Hunger vs Appetite
• Appetite
• The psychological (Mental) desire for food
• Hunger
• The physical need for food
• It takes 20 min for your brain to register that you are full
The six types of Nutrients
Carbohydrates (Carbs)
• The sugars and starches that provide your body with most of its
energy
• Give you energy
• Found in Breads, fruits, honey, pasta, potatoes, and cereal
• 1st thing the body uses for energy
• 45-65% of daily calories
• 50% of energy system
Proteins
• Used to build, repair, maintain cells and tissues, fight disease
• Helps the body grow and repair
• Made up of amino acids- building blocks
• Found in animal products: such as meat, poultry, fish, eggs, milk and
yogurt
• Build muscle
• Vegetarians find protein in vegetables, beans, and nuts
Fats
• Provide energy, digest vitamins, and perform body functions
• Best energy source
• Not a bad thing
• Two types of fats
• Saturated fats
• Fats that are solid at room temperature
• Found in dairy products
• Unsaturated fats
• Fats that are liquids at room temperature
• Vegetable oils
Vitamins
• Substances needed in small quantities to help carry out body
functions
• Fight infection, use other nutrients, and perform other tasks
• Found in almost all natural foods vegetables, meat, and milk
• Fat-soluble
• Water-soluble
Minerals
• Elements needed in small quantities (amounts) for forming healthy
bones and teeth, and for regulating certain body processes
• Calcium builds bones, found in milk
• Iron helps create blood, found in meat
Water
• Makes up over half of you body
• Transports nutrients through your body
• Helps digest food
• Lubricates your joints
• Removes waste
• Regulates body temperature (Sweat)
Other Substances
Fiber
• The part of fruits, vegetables, grains, an beans that your body cannot
digest
• Help flush body system
• Lowers risk of heart diseases and some cancers
Cholesterol
• A waxy substance used by the body to build cells and hormones, and
protect nerve fibers
• Found in animal products
• HDLs “bad” can raise risk of heart disease
• LDLs “good”
Sugar
• Natural occurring
• Often added into foods or drinks
• Not dangerous in small amounts
• Overeating can lead to health problems
Salt
• Helps balance fluid levels in the body
• Often added to food
• Most Americans overeat salt
• Can raise blood pressure
Caffeine
• Stimulate nerves to give the feeling of having energy
• Habit forming
• Raises heart rate
• Perk you up
• Crash
Eating Healthy
• Moderation- Do not eat too much of one thing
• Variety- Eat a bunch of different things (full range of colors)
• Choose low fat foods
• Choose drinks that limit sugar intake (avoid Pop or Energy Drinks)
• Avoid Salt
• Read labels
• Different for everyone