Transcript Cold War ppt.

Cold War
1945-1991
Potsdam
~Great Britain~United States~Soviet Union~
Churchill, Truman, Stalin
*Germany
would be divided into
four zones
*Tension between the U.S. and
Soviets become obvious
Germany divided
Iron Curtain
• Winston Churchill- speech about the divide
between Communism and Capitalism in
Europe
Truman Doctrine
• Aid to Greece and
Turkey to keep the
countries from falling
to communism.
• $400 million 19471950
Marshall Plan
• $13 Billion to Western
Europe 1947-1952
• Greatly improved the
economy of many
countries destroyed
during WWII
• Kept the appeal of
communism away
Berlin Air Lift
• Soviets block all
routes in and out of
East Berlin
• U.S. and Britain fly in
supplies for327 days
Soviets give up and lift
the blockade
NATO COUNTRIES
Warsaw Pact Members states:
Soviet Union, Poland, East Germany, Czechoslovakia,
Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Albania.
Zionist
Movement
.
• political movement that
originally supported the
reestablishment of a
homeland for the Jewish
People in Palestine, and
continues primarily as
support for the modern state
of Israel
China becomes Communist
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Chaing Kai Shek v Mao Zedong
$ to Chaing Kai Shek (not enough)
Mao wins out because of peasant support
Nationalist government flees to Taiwan
Korean War
• Stop Northern aggression
• MacArthur goes into
Northern Korea
• Confronts China
• Threatens Nukes
• Truman fires MacArthur
• Cease Fire at 38th
Parallel
Space Race
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Soviets explode an Atomic Bomb
U.S. explodes a Hydrogen Bomb
Soviets launch Sputnik
U.S. promises to get a man on the moon
Cold War at Home
propaganda
• HUAC/Hollywood 10
• Spy Cases
• McCarthyism and the
“witch hunt”
• Duck and Cover
Hiss v. Nixon
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Hiss is accused of taking bribes from Soviets, denies all accusations
Nixon doesn’t believe him and continues the investigation, finds
incriminating evidence Hiss is found guilty of perjury.
Hollywood 10 off to the hearings
• “Are you now, or have you ever been a
member of the communist party?”
Rosenbergs
• Members of the Communist party accused of conspiring
to sell Bomb secrets to Soviets
• Convicted of Espionage, sentenced to death
Eisenhower Doctrine
United States would use armed forces upon request in response to imminent or
actual aggression to the United States. Furthermore, countries that took
stances opposed to Communism would be given aid in various forms.
• The Middle Eastern region contains a large percentage of the
world's oil supply. If the area was to fall to communism, the United
States and its allies would suffer immense economic consequences.
Central Intelligence Agency
• The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) is a civilian intelligence
agency of the United States government. Its primary function is
collecting and analyzing information about foreign governments,
corporations, and persons in order to advise public policymakers.
U-2 spy Plane shot down over
U.S.S.R
•Spy program in question
•One last trip
•Frances Gary Powers
•10 years in Soviet Prison
•Increased tension
Bay of Pigs
•CIA covert operation
•Overthrow
Castro/Communism
•Eisenhower-Kennedy
•Failed
•Embarrassment
Cuban Missile Crisis
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Spy planes detect launching pads in Cuba
Kennedy/ Khrushchev stand off
Blockade led to ships turning around
Remove missiles in Turkey
Kennedy a hero
Hot line
•to decrease tension
between the U.S.
and Soviet Union
•Easy
communication to
reduce the risk of
nuclear war