Transcript The Cold War Begins - Harpursville Middle School

OBJS
1.Discuss the roots of the Cold War
2.Explain the Containment policy
3.Explain the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan
4.Discuss the impact of the Cold War on American life

What is NATO? Does it exist today?




What is the role of the Security Council?
What was the Cold War?
Why did Truman order the atomic bomb
dropped on Japan?
What were the causes of War 1812?


Go over test
Discuss the remnants of the Cold War –
problems in Afghanistan, etc…..

B. The Challenge of Peace -DEMOBILIZATION
1.) GI Bill of Rights
 a.)
 b.)
 c.)


pension/gov. loans for vets to start businesses
“
“ “
“ “
“ buy homes
$ for tuition, books, and living expenses in college
2.) Employment Act - 1946- provide full
employment and production
3.) Council of Economic Advisors to counsel
the president on economic policy
◦ 4.)
Depression never materialized because:
 a.)
employment increased (switch from war
products to consumer goods)
 b.)
food exports remain high
 c.)
spending by cautious war savers

b. Labor Unrest
◦ 1.)inflation caused workers to strike for higher
wages
◦ 2.)Truman opposed strikes as disruptive to
economy
◦ 3.)Taft Hartley Act passed to limit union power




a.)
courts can end strikes
b.)
outlawed closed shop agreements
c.)
restricted unions’ political contributions
d.)
required union officers to swear that they weren’t
communist

1. Roots of the Cold
War
◦ a. Rivalry between the US
and the USSR
◦ b. Based on:
 1.) political and economic
differences
 2.) suspicion/mistrust of
each other


c. Coexistence becomes a question
d. Kennan’s CONTAINMENT doctrine◦ Stop the spread of communism – use necessary
means to keep it where it is

a. Unable to reach an
agreement on:
◦ the control of nuclear
weapons

b. Fear of nuclear threat
was real
◦a. Truman Doctrine – military
aid to Turkey and Greece to
fight communism
◦b. Marshall Plan =$12 billion
in economic aid to rebuild


a. Soviets Upset over – fear of renewed
German power
B. Action taken by Soviets – Blockade


C. Reaction by Allies – airlift
D. Final result – city never surrendered


E. Allies create NATO= North Atlantic Treaty
Organization
F. Soviets counter with Warsaw Pact

a. War Department reorganized with:
◦ Department of Defense
◦ Joint Chiefs of Staff – leadership of the army, navy
and air force leadership combined
◦ National Security Council – advise president on
strategic matters
◦ Central Intelligence Agency – gathers overseas
information

1.)
Presidential Actions and
Results
◦ Est. Loyalty Review Board (1947)
– investigate all federal
employees
◦ Result – 20K investigated / 2K
resigned / 300 fired as security
risks
 House
Committee on UnAmerican Activities (HUAC) –
Investigate anti-American
propaganda
◦ Hearings
◦ HollywoodTen


HUAC – Richard Nixon – helped in getting
Alger Hiss convicted
The Rosenbergs – charged with giving atomic
secrets to Soviets – both executed in 1953