Transcript 9-1 PowerPoint

Chapter 9, Section 1
American Foreign Policy
Settling Disputes With Great Britain
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Unresolved issues from the War of 1812
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Both the United States and British Canada wanted to keep
their navy and fishing rights on the Great Lakes
Rush-Bagot Agreement
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Limited naval power on the Great Lakes for both Great Britain
and the United States
Convention of 1818
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Treaty between the United States and Great Britain that gave
the United States fishing rights off parts of the Newfoundland
and Labrador coasts
Set border between the United States and Canada at 49ºN
latitude as far west as the Rocky Mountains
Agreed to occupy the Pacific Northwest together as both
nations were interested in the profitable fur trade in Oregon
United States Gains Florida
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1818
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Secretary of State, John Quincy Adams (son of
Patriot John Adams) held talks with Spanish
diplomat Luis de Onis regarding a southern border
dispute
President James Monroe (elected in 1816) sent
troops to secure the US/Spanish Florida border
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Troops led by General Andrew Jackson
United States Gains Florida
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Conflicts between the United States and Seminole
Nation
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Seminole often helped runaway slaves and raided US
Settlements
General Andrew Jackson invaded Florida in spring
of 1818 to capture Seminole raiders
First Seminole War
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Andrew Jackson took over most of Spain’s important
military posts in Florida and overthrew the governor
Carried out these acts without orders from President James
Monroe
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Upset Spanish leaders
Supported by American people
United States Gains Florida
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Jackson’s presence in Florida convinced
Spanish leaders to negotiate
Adams-Onis Treaty
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Settled the border dispute between Spain and the
United States
Gave East Florida to the United States
United States gave up claims to what is present
day Texas
United States agreed to pay up to $5 million in
claims against Spain
Monroe Doctrine
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Spain’s Troubles
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By the 1820’s, most of Spain’s colonies in the
Americas had declared their independence
Simon Bolivar
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Independence leader
The revolutions against Spain reminded many
Americans of their own revolution and as a result,
supported these struggles
Monroe Doctrine
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Mexican Independence in 1821 worried President
James Monroe
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Fear of European rivals attempt to take control of newly
independent Latin American nations
Concerned with Russia interest in the northwest coast of
the United States
Secretary of State, John Quincy Adams, shared
President James Monroe’s concerns
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In an address to congress, John Quincy Adams stated that
while the United States supports Latin American
independence, it will not fight their battles
Monroe Doctrine
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Great Britain also wanted to keep European
powers out of Latin America
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Britain had formed close trading ties with newly
independent Latin American nations
Great Britain wanted to issue a joint statement
with the United States to warn the rest of Europe
not to interfere in Latin America
Monroe Doctrine
Monroe Doctrine
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December 2, 1823
Instead of a joint statement, John Quincy Adams and
President James Monroe put together a document
protecting American interests
Warned European powers not to interfere with the
Americas
4 major points
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4.
US would not interfere in the affairs of European Nations
US would recognize and not interfere with pre-existing
European colonies in North and South America
Western Hemisphere off limits to European colonization
Any attempt of western hemisphere colonization would be
considered a hostile act
Monroe Doctrine
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Some Europeans strongly criticized the
doctrine but few have ever challenged it
The Monroe Doctrine has remained important
to US foreign policy