Transcript Monroe Doctrine

The United States’
Awkward Teenage
Years
(1815- 1840)
• James Monroe’s
Administration (Republican)
– Post War of 1812
– Marked a period in the
political history of the
United States that
reflected a sense of
national purpose and a
desire for unity among
Americans
James Monroe
5th President of
USA
•The War of 1812 closed with the
Federalist Party all but destroyed.
The 1816 presidential election was the last
one when the Federalists' ran a candidate.
Rufus King lost resoundingly to James
Monroe.
Lost in the 1818 Congressional election (
85 % of the seats were controlled by
Democratic Republicans)
•Though the Federalists disappeared, many of their
policies remained.
•For the first time, Republicans were leaning to a strong
national government.
•President Monroe continued the policies begun by
Madison at the end of his presidency to build an American
System of national economic development
• These policies had three basic aspects:
a national bank
 protective tariffs to support American manufactures
 federally-funded internal improvements
We want to promote
manufacturing &
industry, we support a
national tariff. We are
very ANTI-slavery
We want to maintain
states’ rights,
You
promote
betterfarming,
listen to
me!!
avoid
I’ma mean
national
and
tariff,
scary
andlooking.
make sure
slavery is never
abolished!
We want better
roads and canals!
Government
Who wears needs
Puffy
Shirts??
to work on
I wear
building
Puffy
up infrastructure
Shirts!!
of
newly acquired
lands
• The charter for the First Bank ran out in 1811
– Economy suffers;
State banks give out too many loans
Issued too much money
Increased spending and increased prices
– Britain begins dumping
Selling goods in another country below market price to
drive American businesses in debt
– Congress responds with the Tariff of 1816
• Tax on foreign textiles, iron, leather goods, paper
United States
Great Britain
Cost of cloth for
snuggie
$6.00
$5.00
Cost to
manufacture final
snuggie
$0.85
$0.50
Shipping costs of
snuggie
Tariff
$0.20
$0.25
--------
$1.50
Total
$7.05
$7.25
• Established in 1816
• Privately owned
• Charter to operate
for 20 years
Important Supreme Court Rulings
• McCulloch V. Maryland
– States cannot pass any law that violates a federal law
– States have no right to interfere with federal institutions
• Dartmouth College v. Woodward
– Protected private contracts
– Promoted capitalism – system in which privately owned
businesses compete in a free market
• Gibbons v. Ogden
– Supported the idea that only Congress can regulate interstate
trade
• Spain still controls Florida
• Problem: escape slaves from Georgia &
Alabama often flee to Florida and join Seminole
tribes
• Solution: US government sends Andrew
Jackson into Florida to recapture escape slaves
– Raids Spanish towns and governor flees
– Result: Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819
• Spain cedes Florida to US
•Sometimes referred to as The Florida Treaty or
•the Transcontinental Treaty of 1819
• Signed in Washington on February 22, 1819
•Named for John Quincy Adams of the United States and Louis de
Onís of Spain
•The acquisition of Florida by the United States and the
establishment of a boundary line between Spanish territory and
the United States.
• Latin Americans inspired
by American & French
Revolutions
• Spain unable to control
her colonies:
– Mexico, Columbia, Peru,
Bolivia, Paraguay, Chile,
Argentina, Uruguay, United
Provinces of Latin
America, Brazil (Portugal)
• US Response: Monroe
Doctrine (1823)
• France & Russia indicate they will help
Spain regain these territories
• President Monroe, Secretary of State John
Quincy Adams, and the British were worried
by France and Russia becoming involved in
Latin American affairs
• Britain wanted to release joint statement
• Under the advisement of Adams, President
Monroe releases statement independently
• A policy introduced on December 2, 1823
• Stated that further efforts by European countries
to colonize land or interfere with states in the
Americas would be viewed by the United States of
America as acts of aggression requiring US
intervention.
• Asserted that the Western Hemisphere was not to
be further colonized by European countries, and
that the United States would not interfere with
existing European colonies nor in the internal
concerns of European countries.
• 1842 - President Tyler
warns Britain to stay out
of Hawaii…we begin the
process of staging a
coup and annexing the
islands
• 1898 – President
McKinley uses his power
to push Spain from her
colonies in the Spanish
American War…we gain
Guam, the Philippines,
Puerto Rico (Cuba =
protectorate)
• 1904 – Roosevelt
Corollary added;
states we will
respond with
military force if
Europe gets
involved in Latin
America
• 1962: President
Kennedy & the
Cuban Missile Crisis;
US threatens
intervention when
Soviets become
involved in Cuba
• 1985: President
Reagan & the Iran
Contra Affair; US
funds a group of
revolutionaries (the
Sandinistas) to
overthrow
Communist leaders
using illegal weapons
sales to Iran