Transcript Chapter 7 Lesson 3

Chapter 7: Foreign Affairs in the Early Republic
Lesson 3: Foreign Relations
The Era of Good Feelings
• The Era of Good
Feelings was the time
after the War of 1812
when a sense of
national unity was
forged in America.
• President James
Monroe represented
a united America free
of political strife.
• He toured the nation,
and everywhere he
went people
celebrated his visit.
President James Monroe
Relations with European Powers
• John Quincy Adams,
Monroe’s secretary of
state, worked to
resolve disputes with
the British because
America needed good
relations with the
European power.
John Quincy Adams
Relations with Britain
• The Rush-Bagot Treaty
set limits on the number
of naval vessels Britain
and the United States
could have on the Great
Lakes.
• The treaty also provided
for disarmament, the
removal of weapons,
along the border
between the United
States and British
Canada.
• The United States and
Britain worked together
to set the AmericanCanadian boundary
farther west.
• In a second agreement
with Britain, Americans
set the boundary of the
Louisiana Territory
between the United
States and Canada at the
49th parallel. The
countries agreed to a
demilitarized border - a
border without armed
forces.
• Americans also gained the right to settle in
Oregon Country, a vast area extending from
California to Alaska.
• In the early 1800s, Spain,
Britain, Russia, and the
United States claimed
Oregon Country.
• Spain and Russia
eventually gave up their
claims, which left Britain
and the United States with
claims.
• Both countries based their
claims on explorations of
fur trappers and traders.
• American presence in
Oregon Country grew, and
in the Treaty of 1846,
Britain and the United
States divided Oregon.
Relations with Spain
• The United States and
Spain worked to settle
disputes over borders in
Florida.
• In 1818, General Andrew
Jackson went beyond his
instructions and invaded
Spanish East Florida,
seizing control of two
Spanish forts.
• The Spanish minister to
the United States
protested Jackson’s
actions.
• Secretary of War John
Calhoun said that Jackson
should be court-martialed
- tried by a military court but Secretary of State
John Quincy Adams
disagreed.
Andrew Jackson
• The raid demonstrated the strength of the U.S. military,
and Spain agreed to the Adams-Onis Treaty, in which
Spain gave East Florida to the United States and
abandoned all claims to West Florida.
• Spanish officials tried
to keep Americans
out of western
territories held by
Spain, but they found
this to be increasingly
difficult.
Relations with Mexico
• Mexico won its freedom
from Spain in 1821 and
gained control of the
western territories.
• The Mexican government
welcomed American
traders and settlers into
its lands, but later
questioned this policy.
• The United States tried to buy
territory from Mexico, but
Mexico refused.
• American settlers in Texas
revolted, and Texas gained its
independence in 1836 and
statehood in 1845.
• These events angered Mexico.
• Mexico and the United States
went to war the following
year, and Mexico was
defeated.
• The two countries signed a
peace treaty in 1848, giving
the United States what is
today California, Arizona, and
New Mexico, as well as other
western states.
Question Break #1
• What did the Rush-Bagot Treaty with the
British accomplish along the northern border
of the United States?
• What was the result of Jackson’s invasion of
Spanish East Florida in 1818?
• After a long series of uprisings and border
disputes, America went to war with
__________ in 1846.
The United States and Latin America
• The United States
supported Latin
American colonies
when they began
their struggles for
independence from
Spain and Portugal.
• Miguel Hidalgo was a
priest who led a
rebellion against the
Spanish government
of Mexico.
• Although Hidalgo was
executed, Mexico
gained its
independence in 1821
and control of
northern lands.
• Simon Bolivar led a movement
that won freedom for the
present-day countries of
Venezuela, Colombia, Panama,
Bolivia, and Ecuador.
• Jose de San Martin achieved
independence for Chile and
Peru.
• Americans hoped the
independence of
Latin American
colonies would
increase trade
between the United
States and Latin
America and help
spread American
ideals.
The Monroe Doctrine
• France, Austria, Russia, and
Prussia wanted to help Spain
regain its American holdings.
• President Monroe declared
that the Americas were no
longer to be considered for
colonization by European
powers.
• Monroe warned that no
European country should
interfere in the United States
affairs.
• The president’s proclamation
was later called the Monroe
Doctrine.
Oregon Country
Northern border with
British Canada
(parts of California to Alaska)
Florida with Spain
Western territory with
Mexico
Question Break #2
• Inspired by the example of the United States,
many Latin American nations fought to gain
independence from __________ during the
early 1800s.
• The Monroe Doctrine was intended to keep
European powers out of the __________.
• What event led to the creation of the Monroe
Doctrine?