Transcript american history 10.1 notes

American Expansion
Chapter 10
Jefferson as President
Thomas Jefferson and the Republicans in
Power
– Jefferson took office as the 3rd President
of the United States in 1801
• Republicans also took control of the
House and Senate (from the Federalists)
• *This was huge as Americans saw that
leadership could change hands
peacefully in a young nation
– Jefferson’s inaugural address
• Stated that he would support the will of
the majority, but the rights of the minority
must be protected (assured the
Federalists that party politics would not
interfere in running the government
Washington D.C.
• Washington D.C. served as the capital (Jefferson
hoped the city would remain independent of any
particular state)
Jefferson’s cabinet and policies
• Jefferson replaced some Federalists in his cabinet
with Republicans (he also changed some
Federalist policies)
• To repay the national debt – cut back on military
spending
• To improve the economy – wanted to repeal some
taxes (whiskey tax)
• Left the Bank of the United States alone (it was
practical and working)
Marbury vs. Madison
– President John Adams appointed many judges just
hours before his term expired (these are known as
midnight appointments)
– Some of the judges did not receive their commissions
by the deadline
– Jefferson didn’t like the idea and tried to replace
William Marbury since he wasn’t notified in time
• Marbury took the case to the Supreme Court
– In the Judiciary Act of 1789, one of the powers given to the
Supreme Court was the right to force the federal government to
give Marbury his commission
Marbury v. Madison (Madison was Secretary of State)
– The Supreme Court ruled that Marbury had the right
to the judgeship
– It also admitted that it could not force Jefferson to give
Marbury the job
• This made the Judiciary Act on 1789 unconstitutional
• * surprising because this actually took away some of the
Supreme Court Power
Judicial Review
• This established judicial review, meaning that the Supreme
Court has the right to declare an act of Congress to be
unconstitutional
– This give the Supreme Court greater power in the national
government