Transcript CHANGING AMERICA – MOVING FROM ISOLATIONISM TO …

CHANGING AMERICA –
MOVING FROM
ISOLATIONISM
TO
IMPERIALISM
(EXPANSIONISM)
WHAT IS ISOLATIONISM?
THE BELIEF THAT
THE UNITED STATES
SHOULD KEEP TO
ITSELF!
X
• This policy was started as
far back as Washington’s
time – he believed in
isolationism
• This was the belief that
the United States should
STAY OUT OF OTHER
COUNTRIES
PROBLEMS / ISSUES.
• This belief began with
Washington’s Farewell
Address and the Monroe
Doctrine.
WHAT IS IMPERIALISM? (EXPANSIONISM)
• IMPERIALISM is the desire of the United States to trade
with other countries. We believed this would help our
economy grow.
• We also took part in EXPANSIONISM. This was the
policy of “taking over” or gaining control of other countries.
HOW DID AMERICA’S FOREIGN
POICY CHANGE FROM 1850 – 1916?
U.S. CHANGED
and wanted to
TRADE with
countries all around
the world!
• The United States went
from a FOREIGN
POLICY changed from
ISOLATIONISM
(staying to ourselves) to
IMPERIALISM
(exerting power around the
world)
HAWAII
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Sugar cane –
QUEEN
LILIUKALANI
The planters
main crop!
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The Hawaiian Islands are a series of a large
number of tropical islands that are together in
one area
The climate is beautiful and they can grow
things year round.
King Kamehameha had control over the
islands and the United States was friendly with
him.
When he died, his sister, Queen Liliukalani
took over.
The sugar cane planters form the U.S. were
going greedy and wanted greater control of the
islands.
They convinced Congress to send U.S.
Marines to Hawaii.
Not wanting to see any war or death, Queen
Lilly resigned and turned her country over to
the United States.
The U.S. ANNEXED Hawaii soon after
In 1959, Hawaii was made our 50th. State.
ALASKA!
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Alaska was a very large land area
owned by RUSSIA.
They decided to sell it to the United
States for 7.2 million dollars! (2 cents
per acre)
WILLIAM SEWARD (U.S. Secretary of State) decided it was
a GREAT buy and made the deal
Many Americans thought he was
CRAZY for making the deal
Turns out – Alaska has many natural
resources and was A GREAT BUY for
the United States.
JAPAN
• Japan had a policy of NOT TRADING with
anyone
(They allowed ONE SHIP per year)
• The United States wanted to trade with them
Matthew Perry meeting Japanese leaders!
• We sent MATTHEW PERRY to work out a
deal with Japan’s emperor. He went to Japan
with one large battleship at first
• Japan said, “They would think about it!”
• Matthew Perry showed up a few months later
with SEVEN warships
Matthew Perry – the man
who “opened up” Japan!
• Japan agreed to trade with the U.S. –
They signed the TREATY OF KANAGAWA
in 1854.
THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR
1898
• The Spanish American war had a number
Teddy Roosevelt leads the charge of the
Rough Riders up San Juan Hill in July, 1898.
of CAUSES:
1.) Trouble in Cuba – Spain’s treatment of
Cuban citizens angered many
2.) Yellow Journalism – some reporters
wanted to sell more newspapers so they
made little problems seem far worse than
they were
3.) The explosion of the Maine –
This was a U.S. battleship. It exploded and
killed many American sailors. Some felt it
was an accident but the incident was “built
up” and became the LAST STRAW
It led to war
The was only lasted FOUR MONTHS!
The United States got Puerto Rico and Guam.
The U.S. was sold the Philippines.
The U.S. controlled Cuba
(the Platt Amendment)
Puerto Rico
• The Foraker Act
of 1900 established
a government for
the island of Puerto
Rico.
• This new land was
acquired by the
United States as a
result of the
Spanish American
War.
John Hay – U.S.
Secretary of State
CHINA
THE BOXER REBELLION
• Six nations had taken over small parts
of China and were controlling the
people the people who lived there and
all TRADE in that area.
• These were called
Spheres of Influence.
• The United States wanted to be able to
trade with China too
• John Hay drafted a letter and sent it to
each nation telling them we would like
to trade in China also
• This was called the OPEN DOOR
NOTE.
• The other countries did not respond to
the letter so we just began trading in
China
(OPEN DOOR POLICY)
• Many Chinese were unhappy with the
other countries being in China and
started a REBELLION called the Boxer
Rebellion. This was quickly “crushed
by the countries involved.
THE PANAMA CANAL
• President Theodore Roosevelt wanted to
build the PANAMA CANAL
• The U.S. sponsored a revolution in
Panama
• This was DIFFICULT and many
workers got sick or died building the
canal.
• The PANAMA CANAL had many
advantages –
1.) It connected the Atlantic to the Pacific
Ocean.
2.) It INCREASED our role in Latin
America.
3.) The canal helped the U.S. move their
Navy MUCH QUICKER
ROOSEVELT AND HIS BIG STICK POLICY
(The Roosevelt Corollary)
•
EVER SINCE the Monroe
Doctrine, the United States had
shown a STRONG INTEREST
in Latin America.
• President Roosevelt declared
that the U.S. had the RIGHT
to use MILITARY FORCE in
order to keep order in LATIN
AMERICA.
• This policy became known as
the Roosevelt Corollary.
DOLLAR DIPLOMACY
• The President at this time,
WILLIAM HOWARD TAFT,
wanted American Bankers to
invest in Latin America.
• He wanted to use TRADE
rather than our nation’s
WARSHIPS to EXPAND our
influence.
• This became known as
DOLLAR DIPLOMACY