Transcript Imperialism After the Span

Philippine American War
• Rebel leader Emilio Aguinaldo proclaimed
the Philippines an independent republic in
January 1899
• Rebellion lasted until mid-1902
• War claimed 4,000 American lives and cost
the U.S. $400 million
• The U.S. set up the Philippine Gov. and
they gradually moved toward independence
until July 4, 1946.
Open Door Notes
• By 1899, France, Germany, Britain, Japan
and Russia had established prosperous
settlements along the coast of China.
• American leaders feared that the U.S. might
lose access to China’s ports as the result of a
war or takeover.
• To protect American interests, U.S.
Secretary of State John Hay issued the
Open Door Notes.
• Sent to Great Britain, Germany, France,
Italy, Japan, and Russia.
• The U.S. called for open access to China’s
coastal ports, the elimination of special
privileges for any trading nations, and the
maintenance of China’s independence.
• Remained in effect until after World War II
Russo-Japanese War
• In 1904, Japan and Russia went to war over
Korea.
• The Japanese destroyed both the Russian
Pacific and European fleet.
• Japan gained control of Korea and
Manchuria.
• Because of the costs, Japan asked Roosevelt
to mediate the conflict
• Russia agreed to let Japan take over
its interests in Korea and Manchuria
• Roosevelt won the Nobel Peace Prize
Panama Canal
• When Roosevelt became President, the
United States had already achieved three of
Admiral Mahan’s four recommendations
for becoming a world power.
• The nation had a modern navy and naval
bases in the Caribbean and Hawaii.
• Roosevelt set out to build a canal through
Central America
Two Possible Routes
• One, through Nicaragua, posed fewer
obstacles because much of it crossed a
large lake.
• The other, through Panama, was shorter
but was filled with mountains and
swamps.
• Senate approved the route through
Panama.
Getting Panama From Colombia
• When negotiations broke down, Philippe
Bunau-Varilla, helped organize a
Panamanian revolution against Columbia
• A dozen U.S. warships were present when
Panama declared independence
• The U.S. was given perpetual control of the
10 mile wide canal zone
Constructing the Canal
• Work began in 1904
• by 1913, more than 43,400 workers were
employed
• More than 5,600 workers died of disease or
accidents
• On August 15, 1914, the canal opened
• Damaged U.S.-Latin American relations
Roosevelt Corollary
• By the late 19th century, many Latin
American nations had borrowed large sums
of money from European bankers to build
railroads and develop industry
• Roosevelt feared that if these nations
defaulted on their loans, European nations
might intervene in the Western Hemisphere
• Roosevelt based his Latin American policy on
a West African proverb, “Speak softly and
carry a big stick; you will go far”.
• Roosevelt argued that European powers must
not intervene in the Western Hemisphere
• Also said that disorder in Latin America might
“force the United States…to the exercise of an
international police power” in order to protect
U.S. economic interests.