Transcript Nationalism & Compromise

Nationalism &
Compromise
The Steamboat
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The steamboat helped propel both
the Northern and Southern
economies following the industrial
revolution.
Gibbons v. Ogden
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Livingston and Fulton received a charter
from New York to run steamboats on
rivers in NY.
Aaron Ogden had exclusive permission to
run his steamship from NY to NJ, but
Thomas Gibbons started running the same
route.
Ogden took Gibbons to court, who ruled
that interstate commerce could ONLY be
controlled by the federal government.
Allowed the fed. Government to intervene
and favor competition over monopolies.
McCulloch v. Maryland
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Maryland levied a heavy tax on the local branch
of the Bank of the United States, hoping to
make it fail.
Chief Justice John Marshall ruled that if this
happened, it’d be overruling laws passed by
Congress.
Denied Maryland’s tax and said “the power to
tax is the power to destroy”, and declared the
Bank of the US constitutional.
What did these court decisions do?
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These court decisions, as well as others
decided upon by Chief Justice John
Marshall, increased the power of the
federal government over the state
governments.
Created a sense of unity in the United
States.
Nationalism & Foreign Policy
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While serving as Secretary of State
for James Monroe, John Quincy
Adams established a foreign policy
guided by nationalism – The belief
that national interests should be
placed ahead of concerns or the
interests of other countries.
Territories & Boundaries
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Adams prioritized national
security and expansion of
territory.
Created the Rush-Bagot treaty
with Great Britain to minimize
the fleet on the Great Lakes.
Led to the demilitarization of
the US/Canada border
Reached a compromise to
jointly occupy the Oregon
Territory for 10 years.
Adams-Onis Treaty
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1819 – Spain ceded
Florida to the United
States, and gave up
its claims to the
Oregon Territory.
Florida officially
became part of
United States
territory.
Monroe Doctrine
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Concerned with Russian control of Alaska, and
Spain and Portugal trying to reestablish colonies
in Latin America, President Monroe warned all
outside powers not to interfere with affairs in
the Western Hemisphere.
They should not attempt to create new colonies
or overthrow the newly independent republics.
The United States would consider such actions
“dangerous to our peace and safety”.
The US also said it would not get involved in
European affairs or interfere with existing
colonies in the Western Hemisphere.
Became known as the Monroe Doctrine.
Expansion
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During the same time, American settlers began
settling the Northwest Territory as well as the
territory acquired in the Louisiana Purchase.
When a territory’s population reached 60,000, it
could petition the Union for admission, draft a
constitution, elect representatives, and become
part of the U.S.
In 1819, a conflict arose surrounding the
admission of Missouri.
Missouri Compromise
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1818 – 10 free states, 10 slave states
Illinois admitted as 11th free state.
The Missouri statehood bill was amended to say
Missouri had to gradually free its slaves, which was
blocked by the South in the Senate.
During this time, Alabama was admitted as a slave
state.
The dispute over Missouri stirred discussion of a civil
war and end of the Union.
Henry Clay created the Missouri Compromise: Maine
was admitted as a free state, and Missouri as a
slave state, creating a sectional balance in the
Senate.
A line was set, south of the line, slavery was legal.
North of the line - except in Missouri – slavery was
prohibited.