Transcript Nationalism and Sectionalism Power Point

The Cotton Gin
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Invented by Eli Whitney
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Removes seeds from cotton
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Lead to increased cotton
production in the South
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Increased cotton production
creates need for more slaves
in the south
Industrial Revolution
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Industrialization began in
England and spread to the
United States
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Textile industry was first
to be industrialized
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Industrialization of the
United States started in
the New England states
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Southern cotton planters
sold their crops to
northern factories
The American System
Designed to unite America’s economic interests
Henry Clay
James Madison
The American System
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Developing an internal transportation system to link all regions
of the nation (National Road, Erie Canal)
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Establishing a protective tariff (tax on imports) to protect U.S.
industries from foreign competition and fund internal
improvements
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Reestablishing the Bank of the United States to create a
nationally recognized and equally valued currency to create
financial unity among the regions of the country
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
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State of Maryland attempted to kill the
BUS with a tax.
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The BUS manager (McCulloch) refused
to pay claiming that a state government
had no right to tax the federal
government.
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John Marshall and the Supreme Court
agreed saying that “the power to tax is
the power to destroy.”
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Decision increased power of the federal
government to regulate the economy.
Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)
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Aaron Ogden and Thomas Gibbons operated competing
steamboat businesses on the Hudson River.
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Ogden was based on the New York side of the river and had a
license from the state of New York to operate his business.
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Gibbons was based on the New Jersey side and claimed that
only the federal government could grant licenses for interstate
commerce.
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Marshall and the Supreme Court agreed with Gibbons. By
stating that only Congress could regulate interstate commerce
the powers of the federal government were increased.
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The Marshall Court earned a reputation for making decisions
that strengthened the powers of the federal government.
Missouri Compromise
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As new states were added to the Union it became increasingly
more important to balance the number of slave states and free
states in the Senate.
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The issue of slavery was beginning to cause some serious
tensions between the North and the South.
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When Missouri applied for statehood as a slave state the
balance in the Senate was going to be thrown off in favor of
the slave states (South).
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This problem began to threaten the unity of the nation.
Missouri Compromise
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To avoid a national crisis a compromise had to be reached
between the North and the South on this issue.
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Henry Clay played and important role in brokering a deal; it
had three key parts.
1. Missouri would be admitted as a slave state.
2. Maine would be admitted as a free state.
3. The Louisiana Purchase territory would be divided at 36 – 30.
North of that line would be closed to slavery, south of it would
be open to it.
Monroe Doctrine
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Monroe issued a “warning” to
European powers.
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The Western Hemisphere is closed
to colonization.
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European powers should stay out
of the affairs of nations in the
western hemisphere.
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In return the United States would
stay out of European affairs.
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Monroe was asserting U.S.
dominance in the western
hemisphere.