Transcript Goal2Part1 - ashtonushistory

Goal 2 Part 1: Regional
Economies Create
Sectionalism / Madison’s
Presidency / Nationalism
Shaping Foreign and
Domestic Policy
END OF WAR OF 1812
War of 1812 – ITS OVER!!!
(1) American Nationalism goes up!
because we won complete independence from
Britain
ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS

Mass Production / Industrial
Revolution
Factory System -Using power-driven machinery and
laborers assigned to different tasks, which lead to
Mass Production- production of goods in large
quantities
 Industrial Revolution:
machines “replace” hand tools, large-scale factory
production developed
 begins in Britain and affects America

America after Embargo Act of 1807 /
War of 1812
Remember: Embargo Act of 1807 = failure (WHY?)
Economic standstill /(America looked for other
means of making $)
RESULTS:
 North = businesses / factories / small farms (no
need for slaves) / especially New England states
 South = agriculture (farming) / large plantations
(fertile land)
Eli Whitney’s Inventions

invented the
(1) “COTTON GIN”

an efficient machine that cleaned out the seeds in cotton /
made for quicker and more efficient ways of growing cotton
(2) “Interchangeable” parts – parts that are exactly
alike
 Purpose: one part breaks,
get the same part off the shelf!
Cotton Gin accelerates slavery in
1820s
*** THE COTTON GIN ACCELERATED THE
EXPANSION OF SLAVERY ***
Africans Americans affected the MOST from
the Cotton Gin

THE AMERICAN SYSTEM
Henry Clay (The Great Compromiser)
War Hawk

The American System



Promoted by “Henry Clay” (War Hawk)
PURPOSE: to unify the two economies
(North and South) / receive economic
independence from other countries in the
world
3 Parts to American System
Remember:
P.I.N.
3 Parts of American System by Henry
Clay (PIN)
(1) Establishing a protective tariff
(Madison’s Tariff of 1816) (P)
 (2) Developing “internal improvements” and
other transportation systems
(ex. National Road and the Erie Canal =
provides “connection”) (I)
 (3) Resurrecting the National Bank of the
United States
(Downsized by President Jefferson years earlier)
(N)
- supported by Hamilton
Purpose?

Erie Canal
National Road
Hudson to Great Lakes
Maryland to Illinois
ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS
Era of Good Feelings : timeframe “after War of
1812” / North and South feel really good about
America – no political strife in the America (just
different economies)
 Started through
President James Monroe
in 1816 (president elect)
**** Era of Good Feelings ENDED
with the “Corrupt Bargain” in 1824
(election of John Quincy Adams)

*Madison’s Tariff of 1816
(PROTECTIVE)
Purpose: to help pay for the “internal
improvements” Examples?
Reaction from North and South
 NORTH = LOVED IT!!!! (more profit from American
goods)
 SOUTH = HATED IT!!!! (too dependent on foreignmade goods) NOT eager to tax foreign markets /
resentment of federal government
 Remember: Southern Farmers will consistently
oppose a “protective tariff”
 Main result: Sectionalism

SECOND NATIONAL BANK OF
THE UNITED STATES
Purpose: cover what the first
one didn’t / re-chartered
during Madison’s Tariff of 1816
 Created a “national currency”



Easier to do national business
Weakness of Articles of Confederation
TQ – How did Henry Clay’s American
System support Nationalism?
(a) by promoting the growth of slavery
(b) by rejecting Madison’s Protective Tariff of
1816
(c) by rejecting the Second Bank of the United
States
(d) by promoting the development of
transportation systems and other internal
improvements
NATIONALISM
Strong influences on courts, domestic &
foreign policy, & Westward Expansion
DOMESTIC POLICY
(JOHN MARSHALL) - S.C Justice
(1) McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
(2) Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)

McCulloch V. Maryland (1819)
States cannot overturn laws passed by Congress
*Maryland was denied the right to tax the National Bank
Therefore: Bank of U.S. = Constitutional

Necessary and Proper Clause
(Elastic clause) was put to the
test for the first time
“The power to tax
is the power to destroy”
- John Marshall
Gibbons V. Ogden (1824)



Robert Fulton (invented the steam engine)
and Robert Livingston received the rights to
run steamships on the Hudson River in New
York
Mr. Ogden (licensed from Fulton and
Livingston / state) ran his boat on the Hudson
River
Mr. Gibbons (licensed under the federal
government / national) ran his boat on the
Hudson River
Gibbons V. Ogden (1824)
Results:
(1) Federal government controls
“INTERSTATE COMMERCE”
 Ogden’s license was illegal (because it
crossed state lines)
(2) Increased the power of the Federal
Government (John Marshall)
