Transcript Ch. 9 Test Review

Civil War
Test
Review
Answers
Secede
(secession)
• To withdraw formally
• Texas joined 10 other southern states
and withdrew (left) the United States to
form the Confederate States of
America.
Exports
• Something that is sent to another
country for sale or trade. Ex: Cotton
Nationalism
• Supporting policies that promote a nations
interest
• When someone puts the good of the nation
above the good of a state.
Sectionalism
• Loyalty to your state or a section of the
country first and the nation second.
• One of the 5 causes of the Civil War
– South economy based on agriculture
– Plantation lifestyle
– Democratic Party views
– Supported slavery
Slavery
• To hold another against their will and
force them to work.
• One of the 5 causes of the Civil War
– Considered a necessity in south
– Considered immoral in the north
– A political issue (balance of power in
congress between slave and non-slave
states would no longer be equal).
Tariff
• A tax placed on imported or exported
goods.
States Rights
• Theory that a state could choose
whether to obey or enforce federal
laws.
• One of the 5 causes of the Civil War
– Southerners supported states rights
– Believed they could secede
– Believed in slavery
– Southerners also angry with taxes being
imposed upon them by the federal
government.
Federal Rights
• The belief that the national (or federal)
government has final power.
• The federal government had the power to
make laws that applied to all states,
including imposing taxes.
Confederacy
• 11 States that seceded from the United
States of America (this included Texas).
• Were considered to be rebellion states
Union
• The northern states and California and Oregon.
• Against secession and slavery.
Election of 1860
• Election in which Abraham Lincoln was
elected President.
• One of the 5 causes of the Civil War
– Southerners believed that this Republican
would no longer respect their rights.
– Was a direct link to states seceding from
the Union.
Emancipation Proclamation
• Signed by Abraham Lincoln on
January 1, 1863.
• He freed all slaves that were in
rebellion states (Confederate states).
Battle at Palmito Ranch
• Last land battle of Civil War
• Fought on May 12, 1865 (one month after
Confederates surrounded at Appomattox
Courthouse).
• Unaware the war was over, Union forces fired upon
the Confederate forces in what became a skirmish at
Palmito Ranch.
• Although the Confederates won this battle, they had
already lost the war.
Appomattox Court House
• On April 9, 1865, General Lee and his
troops surrender to General Grant at
Appomattox Courthouse in Virginia.
• Terms of surrender:
– Rebels had to lay down their arms
– Could not join military again
– There would be no jailing or hanging
– South would not be punished
Battle of Sabine Pass
• On September 8, 1863, the battle of Sabine
Pass took place.
– Sabine Pass is a narrow channel along the
eastern border of Texas.
– As Union troops attempted to pass through the
channel, they were stopped by Lt. Dowling.
– Confederate troops fired upon the Union troops
and sank two ships.
– Confederates hailed the victory after their defeats
at Gettysburg, PA and Vicksburg, MS.
– The Davis Group helped in the battle.
Battle at Galveston
• President Lincoln had ordered a blockade of
Southern ports to stop the shipment of
supplies.
• Galveston was one of the most important
ports in Texas.
• Union troops captured the island.
• Confederate General Magruder launched an
attack to retake the island on January 1,
1863.
– Soldiers sailed to the island on cottonclads, or
flatbottom boats lined with cotton bales to protect
the soldiers from bullets.
– Confederate troops took over Galveston Island
and they remained in control until the end of the
war.
Fort Sumter
• Location of the first battle of the Civil War
• Confederate states demanded that the Union
surrender all federal property, especially
military posts.
• While many forts were taken over peacefully,
troops refused to leave Fort Sumter in
Charleston, South Carolina. Fighting broke
out.
Gettysburg
• Location of one of the bloodiest battles
during the Civil War.
• Following the battle, President Lincoln
delivered the now famous, Gettysburg
Address speech.
Abraham Lincoln
• Elected President in the Election of 1860
• Republican who did not believe in slavery or
secession.
• Remained President of the United States of
America during the Civil War
• Issued the Emancipation Proclamation
Sam Houston
• Governor of Texas who refused to sign
Texas secession document.
• He would rather Texas have remained a
Republic then to join the Confederate States.
• He was later relieved of his role as Governor
of Texas.
Jefferson Davis
• President of the Confederate States of
America.
Robert E. Lee
• General of the Confederate Army.
• Surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant at the
Appomattox Court House
Ulysses S. Grant
• General of the Union Army.
• Accepted surrender of Robert E. Lee at the
Appomattox Court House
Reasons Texas
Joined
Civil
War
&
What they
contributed
• 5 reasons Texas joined Civil War:
1. Sectionalism
2. Slavery
3. States’ Rights
4. Election of 1860
5. Secession
• Most of the fighting in Texas centered on
Confederate efforts to keep the Gulf Coast
ports open.
• “Storehouse of the Confederacy”
– Texas provided weapons, food and horses for the
war effort.