Transcript Hello! Welcome to our unit on the Civil War!

Hello!
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Welcome to our unit on the Civil War!
Please pay attention and take good notes.
Everything you see on these slides is fair game for a
quiz/test or other assessment.
Student Taught!
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Students in each class will research and present a major part to the class.
YOU will be the experts!
You will have access to this PowerPoint and other resources.
You will plan and practice your presentation in class, then teach the class on another day.
You will receive a formative grade for your part in the presentation.
You will be responsible for the information given in ALL OTHER presentations.
Each student will receive a Civil War Summary Grid to help you study for the summative
test.
The summative test will be Wednesday, December 15.
The Civil War
April12, 1861( Fort Sumter)-April 9,
1865 (Appamattox) The war lasted 3
Years, 362 Days
Part One
The Leaders and Major Players
Sam Houston
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Was governor at the time the Civil War
began.
Tried unsuccessfully to persuade Texans
to stay in the Union.
“To secede from the Union would cause
war. If you go to war with the United
States, you will never conquer her, as she
has the money and the men. If she does
not whip you by guns, powder and steel,
she will starve you to death. It will take
the flower of the country-the young
men”
Abraham Lincoln
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16th President
Elected in 1860
His election caused the South to
secede
Republican
Against Slavery
Assassinated on April 15, 1865, six
days after the end of the Civil War
Jefferson Davis
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President of the Confederacy
Democrat
Supported Slavery
General Ulysses S. Grant
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Head of the Union Army during the
Civil War
Defeated the South
Later became President of the United
States
General Robert E. Lee
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Leader of the Confederate Army
Surrendered to General Grant at
Appomattox Courthouse on April 9,
1865
Part One Activity
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On your Civil War Summary page, list the major
figures of the Civil War, and then describe what
they did during that period of history.
Part Two
The Battles
Major Civil War Battles in the
U.S.
Major Civil War Battles in the U.S.
Ft. Sumter
Bull Run
Monitor -v- Virginia
Antietam
Fredericksburg
Gettysburg
Chattanooga
Shiloh
Vicksburg
New Orleans
Fort Sumter
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Fort Sumter, a federal fort located
in Charleston Harbor, refused to
surrender to the Confederates.
President Lincoln made the
decision to resupply the Fort, so the
Confederacy decided to assault.
On the 4:30 A.M. on the 12th of
April 1861, the Confederates opened
fire. The Civil War was officially
“on”.
Bull Run
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Union troops led by General McDowell
advanced to where Confederate troops
were dug in, blocking the road to
Richmond, VA.
Neither Confederate nor Union troops
were ready for battle. (They both could
have used Sam Houston here, huh?)
Union troops advanced on Confederate
troops, almost breaking through, but at
the last moment, Confederate
reinforcements arrived on the battlefield.
Union troops were easily defeated.
Vicksburg
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By 1863, the Confederate hold on the
Mississippi River was limited to
Vicksburg and Port Hudson.
In a daring move, U.S. Grant,
commanding the Union forces, sent his
troops past Vicksburg and landed to
the south of the city.
Grant's troops then defeated the
Confederate forces in five separate
engagements.
After a 6 week siege, Confederate
forces surrendered.
Gettysburg
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The Battle of Gettysburg took place
around this small Pennsylvania town.
In the first day of the battle, Confederate
troops forced Union forces back, but lost
many men. The second day, Confederates
unsuccessfully attacked heavily fortified
Union positions.
The third day, Lee's forces attempted to
attack the Union Center. The attack was
called "Pickett's Charge". Less than half
of the men involved in the charge returned.
Gettysburg was the last time the
Confederates attempted an attack on
Union soil.
Major Civil War Battles in Texas
Galveston Island
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At GALVESTON ISLAND,
Texans tried to retake the island
from a Union blockade.
They were successful, and
maintained control of it until
the war ended.
This allowed supplies brought
by boat to make it into Texas
throughout the Civil War.
Sabine Pass
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September 8, 1863, a Union
flotilla (group of boats) of four
gunboats and seven troop
transports steamed into Sabine
Pass and up the Sabine River.
Fort Griffin's small force of 44
men forced the Union flotilla to
retire and captured the gunboat
Clifton and about 200 prisoners.
The Confederates won the
battle.
Battle of Palmito Ranch
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On May 11, 1865, Union soldiers
attacked Confederate outposts
and camps.
The Rebels hammered the
Union line with artillery.
The Texas Confederates
attacked at Boca Chica at 4:00
AM, on the 14th.
The Confederates won.
This was the last battle in the
Civil War.
Part Two Activity
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On your Civil War Summary page, list the major
U.S. battles, then list AND describe the three
Texas Civil War battles.
Part Three
Effects of the Civil War On Texas
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Because no major battles
were fought in Texas, the
state did not suffer
widespread destruction.
The pain of the war was
still felt, though, as many
Texans left to fight.
Shortage of supplies made
life here difficult.
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An estimated 55,000
Texas men died during
the Civil War.
Causes were battles,
disease, exposure,
starvation, heat stroke,
and murder.
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During the war, cotton
either did not sell, or could
not be exported.
Local farmers began to
grow wheat and corn to
feed themselves and
support the needs of the
Confederate soldiers.
Slavery/Refugees
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During the war, many slaves
from the North were sent to
Texas to avoid having them
freed as the Union Army worked
its way South.
Thousands came, often with
their owners.
The Texas Population swelled
with UNHAPPY refugees.
Other Hardships
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Due to blockades, shoes and clothes could not
reach the stores, so homemade clothes were
used. (What if YOUR mom made ALL of
your clothes by hand?)
Medicine and hospital supplies were sent to
the battles, so Texans used home-grown herbs
instead.
Paper was in short supply-ALL kinds. (Think
about it…Yep… Even THAT kind.)
Coffee was very hard to get, so Texans
ground up ACORNS and CORN to brew as
hot drinks.
Sugar was scarce, so locally-harvested honey
was used in its place.
The Effect
On
Families…
Part Three Activity
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On your Civil War Summary page, list and
describe the ten major effects of the Civil War
on Texas.
Part Four
U.S. Reconstruction
13th, 14th , 15th Amendments
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13th: Abolished Slavery in the United States.
14th: Gave citizenship to all people born or
naturalized in the United States.
15th: Gave African American MEN the right to
vote. (That’s right ladies…NO woman-white or
African American- could vote)
Emancipation Proclamation
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This decree freed all slaves in all
Confederate states.
Texas did not consider themselves to
be under U.S. rule at this time, so
they ignored the proclamation.
On June 19, 1865, Union forces forced
Texas to accept the new law,
effectively freeing all slaves on that
day.
This day is now celebrated as
Juneteenth in Texas.
Freedmen’s Bureau
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Created by the U.S. Congress to help newly freed slaves adjust to free
life.
It provided food, shelter, and medicine.
Helped people find jobs.
Helped them in court as the slavery argument continued.
Created schools for African Americans.
Johnson’s Plan For Reconstruction
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Andrew Johnson became president after Abraham Lincoln was assassinated by
John Wilkes Booth only days after the Civil War ended.
Johnson was a Democrat who had supported the Union and also slavery.
His plan had four parts:
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States had to end slavery.
States had to declare their secession as an illegal act.
States had to cancel all war debts.
Adult white males had to pledge loyalty to the U.S. to get the right to vote.
He also called for a new constitutional convention.
Pre and Post-War Currency
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After Secession, the Confederacy
printed its own currency.
After the Civil War, that currency
was worthless.
During the war, prices for most
goods sky-rocketed. In the South:
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CW-One dozen eggs: $6.00
Today- $1.00
CW-Gallon of milk: $48.00
Today-$3.00
CW-Pound of coffee:$12.00
Today-$4.00
Part Four Activity
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On your Civil War Summary page, describe the
items listed.
Part Five
Texas and Reconstruction
Texas Constitution of 1866
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A series of Amendments.
Ended slavery in Texas.
Refused to adopt the 13th Amendment, making slavery
illegal in the U.S.
Also denied civil rights to African Americans. (Right to
vote, etc.)
Black Codes
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Texas enacted Black Codes.
Made African Americans second-class citizens.
African Americans were not allowed to vote,
hold public office, or serve on a jury.
Ku Klux Klan (KKK)
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An organization whose aim was to
restore Democratic control of the
South and keep slavery intact.
Used violence and terrorism as their
tactics.
They were unsuccessful in keeping
former slaves from registering to
vote.
Texas Constitution of 1869
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Declared the Constitution of the United States the law.
Did away with Black Codes.
Accepted the 13th, 14th and 15th Amendments.
Texas is readmitted to the Union on March 8, 1870.
Texas Constitution of 1876
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Took away some of the power of the office of the governor
and legislature.
Set aside land grants for public education.
Provide homestead and railroad grants.
Still stands as our current constitution.
Has been amended over 400 times!
Part Five Activity
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On your Civil War Summary page, describe the
items listed.
http://www.whiteheaddna.com/miltry_recs/cvlwar/mil_cvlwar_map.html