Transcript People and Strategies of the Civil War

People and
Strategies of the
Civil War
Abraham Lincoln
 President of the United States
(Union) during the Civil War.
 He was willing to go to war to
keep America together.
Abraham Lincoln
 He issued the Emancipation
Proclamation.
 He was assassinated 5 days
after Lee surrendered.
Ulysses S. Grant
 Union (north) General during the
Civil War.
 He was victorious in many
battles in the West.
 He won the battle of Vicksburg
on the Mississippi River.
Ulysses S. Grant
 He was given command of all
the Union troops in March of
1864 by President Lincoln.
 He defeated Lee in Virginia and
he accepted Lee’s surrender at
Appomattox Court House.
Jefferson Davis
 President of the Confederate
States of America.
 He was a former senator from
Mississippi.
 His task was to form a new
government and fight a war at
the same time.
Robert E. Lee
 Confederate (south) General
during the Civil War.
 He was a very well respected
General in both the North and
the South.
Robert E. Lee
 He was the commander of all the
Confederate troops.
 He won several early victories
and forced the Union out of
Virginia.
 Military Strategy
Confederate Strategy
 As the war started the
Confederacy took a defensive
position.
 They did not want to conquer the
North. They simply wanted the
North to leave them alone.
Confederate Strategy
 The South hoped that the North
would soon grow tired of the war
and recognize their
independence.
 The South also planed to use
Cotton as a means to get
assistance.
Confederate Strategy
 They hoped European nations
would give them assistance
because cotton was such an
important trade good.
 Europe stayed out of the war.
Confederate Strategy
 As the war grew on, the South
changed their strategy and
started to attack in the north to
try to weaken the northern
morale.
Union Strategy
 The North wanted to force the
Confederacy back into the union.
 They developed a strategy called
the Anaconda Plan.
 It called for a naval blockade of
the Southern coastline.
Union Strategy
 This would prevent the south
from transporting goods into or
out of its ports.
 The plan also called for the
Union to seize control of the
Mississippi River.
This would split the
Confederacy into two parts.
Union Strategy
 Total War –
 Union strategy to attack not just
enemy troops but anything and
everything that could help the
war effort.
Union Strategy
 Troops destroyed rail lines
 Destroyed crops and livestock
 Burned and looted towns and
homes.
Strength and Weaknesses
 The union had a huge advantage
in manpower and resources.
Strength and Weaknesses
 North
 22 million
people
 85% of
factories
 South
 9 million (3.5
million were
slaves)
 15% of
factories
Strength and Weaknesses
 Other advantages of the North:
1. more than double the
railroad lines.
2. majority of the naval power
and shipyards.
Strength and Weaknesses
 Advantages of the South:
1. better generals in the beginning
of the war.
2. fighting a defensive war
3. supply lines were not as long.