Transcript THE CIVIL WAR - Region One ESC

THE CIVIL WAR
Issues, Individuals, and Events
Jefferson Davis
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1808-1889
Served as Secretary of
War and in Congress
before the Civil War
Elected President of the
Confederacy
Administration known for
fiscal weakness and
interference in military
affairs
http://www.pointsout
h.com/csanet/greatm
en/davis/davis.htm
Ulysses S. Grant
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1822-1885
Mediocre careers as Army officer
and store clerk before the Civil
War
Went from commanding the
Illinois volunteers to General-in
Chief of the Union Forces.
Commanded troops at Shiloh,
Vicksburg, Chattanooga, and
forced Robert E. Lee to surrender.
Known for his willingness to
attack.
Elected president in 1868 and
1872.
http://www.mscomm.com
/~ulysses/
Robert E. Lee
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1807-1870
Had a distinguished military career
and offered command of Union
troops before he sided with
Virginia and joined the
Confederacy.
Was largely responsible for the
defense of Richmond and was the
only confederate general to
threaten Northern cities.
Defeated or fought to a statement
six different Union generals.
His surrender in 1865 marked the
end for the Confederacy.
http://www.civilwarhome.
com/leebio.htm
Abraham Lincoln
1809-1865
 Served as a local
politician first in the
Whig Party then in
the Republican Party.
 Elected President in
1860.
 http://members.aol.c
om/RVSNorton/Lincol
n2.html
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Lincoln on Equality
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Lincoln’s dislike for slavery did
not translate into an
acceptance of complete racial
equality.
“I will say then that I am not,
nor ever have been in favor of
bringing about in anyway the
social and political equality of
the white and black races that I am not nor ever have
been in favor of making voters
or jurors of negroes, nor of
qualifying them to hold office,
nor to intermarry with white
people.”
Lincoln on Liberty
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Despite his views on racial
inferiority, Lincoln accepted an
abstract concept of equality
along with liberty which he felt
was incompatible with slavery
“Fourscore and seven years
ago our fathers brought forth
on this continent a new nation,
conceived in liberty and
dedicated to the proposition
that all men are created
equal.”
Lincoln on the Union
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From the first secession,
Lincoln considered the
preservation of the union
as the most important
reason for the war.
“Both parties deprecated
war; but one of them
would make war rather
than let the nation
survive; and the other
would accept war rather
than let it perish. And the
war came.”
Other Personalities
Famous Union military men include William T.
Sherman, George McClellan, George Meade, and
William Rosencrans.
 Famous Confederate military leaders include
P.T.G. Beauregard, Thomas J. Jackson, and John
B. Hood.
 Famous civilian personalities include Clara
Barton, Frederick Douglas, and Harriet Beecher
Stowe.
 http://www.us-civilwar.com/leaders.htm
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The Firing on Ft. Sumter
On April 10, 1861, P.T.G.
Beauregard demanded
the surrender of the Fort.
 The commander of the
Union forces, Maj. Robert
Anderson, refused.
 On April 12, Confederate
forces fired on the fort.
 The next day the
exhausted union troops
surrendered.
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http://www.civilwarho
me.com/ftsumter.htm
Gettysburg
Battle took place July 1-3, 1863.
 At Gettysburg, Pennsylvania,
Union forces of 97,000 were
commanded by George Meade.
Lee Commanded the Confederate
force of 75,000.
 The battle ended in a stalemate
with the Confederacy forced to
retreat from the field. It was the
bloodiest battle of the war and
hurt the Confederacy so bad that
they could never mount an
invasion of the North again.
 Total casualties for the battle were
over 51,000.
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http://www.civilwarhome.
com/gettysbu.htm
Vicksburg
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General Grant planned to take the
port city in Mississippi and control
the major river of the South.
In March of 1863 he began to
march his troops overland in an
effort to outflank and surround
the city.
By May Grant had the city cut off
with his 46,000 man army.
The city fell on July 4, with the
surrender of 30,000 Confederate
troops.
The loss of Vicksburg cut the
South in half.
http://www.civilwarhome.
com/siegeofvicksburg.ht
m
The Emancipation Proclamation
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Abraham Lincoln issued the
Emancipation Proclamation on
January 1, 1863.
It only proclaimed slaves in
rebelling territories free.
Had diplomatic overtones
Resulted in anti-black riots in
many Northern cities.
http://usinfo.state.gov/us
a/infousa/facts/democrac
/24.htm
Appomattox Courthouse
After a 10 month siege of
Richmond and Petersburg,
Virginia, Lee was forced to
withdraw his troops to
Appomattox.
 Lee realized he could no longer
defend the Confederate capital
and that the Confederates were
losing control of the South to
occupying Union armies.
 He met Grant at Appomattox
Courthouse and signed the
surrender of his army, leaving the
Confederate government at the
mercy of Grant’s army.
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http://www.civilwarhome.
com/appomatt.htm
Other Important Battles
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Shiloh (4/6/62) Union begins Southward advance in the
west.
Antietam (9/16/62) worst single day with over 26,000
casualties.
Fredericksburg (12/11/62) The South’s first large
invasion of the North.
Chancellorsville (5/1/63) Considered Lee’s greatest
victory.
Sherman’s “March to the Sea” (1864) cut off the deep
South and destroyed Atlanta.
http://www.cr.nps.gov/hps/abpp/battles/bystate.
htm
Lincoln’s Assassination
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John Wilkes Booth shot
Lincoln at Ford’s Theater
on April 14, 1865.
His death eliminated one
of the most powerful
spokesmen for a quick
and liberal
Reconstruction.
http://www.law.umkc.edu
/faculty/projects/ftrials/lin
colnconspiracylinks.htm