Transcript Reconstruction 2 column notes

WHAT?
NOW
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Reconstruction of the South
WHY DID THE NORTH WIN?
•
Supplies
•
Manpower
•
Industry
•
Economy
England was anti-slavery and proindustrialism
•
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SOUTH AFTER WAR
•
Significant Southern losses
South lost a fourth of its white
male population of military age
•
•
a third of its livestock
•
half of its farm machinery
$2.5 billion worth of human
property
•
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4 million African Americans freed
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ress.jpg
GOALS OF RECONSTRUCTION
•
Reunite the former Confederate states
with the Union
•
Redefine the rights and status of
African Americans
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Literally rebuild the South
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Heal the wounds of a divided nation
2
COLUMN NOTES:
RECONSTRUCTION
Terms: Reconstruction, freedmen,
Freedmen’s Bureau, black codes,
scalawags, carpetbaggers, sharecropper,
Thirteenth Amendment, Fourteenth
Amendment, Fifteenth Amendment, poll
tax, literacy test, grandfather clause,
segregation, Jim Crow laws
TERMS

Reconstruction

freedmen


rebuilding of the
South; rejoining the
Union
men and women who
had been slaves
TERMS

Freedmen’s Bureau
government agency
created to help former
slaves
 gave food and
clothing; also tried to
find jobs for freedmen;
helped poor whites;
provided medical care
for more than one
million people; set up
schools including
colleges

TERMS

black codes



scalawags

laws that severely
limited the rights of
freedmen
freedmen could not vote,
own guns, or serve on
juries
name for white southern
Republicans; wanted to
forget war and get on
with rebuilding the
South; many
southerners felt they
were traitors
TERMS

carpetbaggers


sharecroppers

Northerners who came
to the South after war;
white southerners
accused them of hoping
to get rich from their
misery
Rented and farmed a
plot of land; planters
provided seed, fertilizer
and tools in return for a
share of the crop; most
became locked in a cycle
of poverty
TERMS

Thirteenth Amendment


Fourteenth Amendment



(1865) banned slavery
throughout the nation
(1866) defined citizens
(born or naturalized)
rights of citizens (equal
protection of the laws)
forbade states to
“deprive any person of
life, liberty, or property
without due process of
law”
TERMS

Fifteenth Amendment
(1869) forbade any
state to deny any
citizen the right to
vote because of “race,
color, or previous
condition of
servitude.”
 all African American
men over 21 had the
right to vote

TERMS

poll tax

literacy test

grandfather clauses
required voters to pay
a fee each time they
voted
 required voters to
read and explain a
section of Constitution
 if a voter’s father or
grandfather had been
eligible to vote on
January 1, 1867, the
voter did not have to
take literacy test

TERMS


segregation
Jim Crow laws


After 1877, legal
separation of races
became the law of the
South
Laws separated
blacks and whites in
schools, restaurants,
theaters, trains,
streetcars,
playgrounds,
hospitals, and
cemeteries