Transcript Reconstruction - Ms. Zizzo and Mr. Ardis` US History

Aim: Should Reconstruction be
considered a success or a
failure?
Rewind Review
• Civil War ended
• Emancipation of
slaves
• Broke &
decimated south
• Huge life loss on
both sides
What now?
Strengthened the
power of the federal
government
over the states
Question of how
to heal/reconstruct
the war torn nation
End of slavery
with passage of the
13th Amendment
RESULTS OF THE
CIVIL WAR
South is socially
and economically
weakened = rise of
the New South
Question of what to
do with the freed
African Americans
Reconstruction
• The period following the Civil War, when
the nation was trying to rebuild.
Key Questions
1. How do we
bring the South
back into the
Union?
2. How do we
rebuild the
South after its
destruction
during the war?
4. What branch
of government
should control
the process of
Reconstruction?
3. How do we
integrate and
protect newlyemancipated
black freedmen?
Freedman’s Bureau
•Freedman’s Bureau was created by
Congress.
•provided food, housing and medical
aid, established schools and offered
legal assistance.
•attempted to settle former slaves
on Confederate lands confiscated or
abandoned during the war.
Freedmen’s Bureau Seen
Through
Southern
Eyes
Plenty to
eat and
nothing to
do.
Black Codes
•designed to restrict freed blacks’ rights and ensure their
availability as a labor force
•Ex:
• Race was defined by blood; the presence of any amount
of black blood made one black.
•Employment was required of all freedmen; violators faced
vagrancy charges.
•Freedmen could not assemble without the presence of a
white person.
•Freedmen were assumed to be agricultural workers and
their duties and hours were tightly regulated.
•Freedmen were not to be taught to read or write
•.Public facilities were segregated.
•Violators of these laws were subject to being whipped or
branded.
Military Reconstruction Act
• divided the south into five military districts
• Each district was placed under military
leadership
• new elections were held with voting only
allowed by Congress' approved voters
• Each state was also required to ratify the
13th and 14th Amendments.
• new public officials had to pledge their
loyalty to the Union
Scalawags
►White southerners
who worked with
Republicans and
supported
Reconstruction
Carpetbaggers
►Northerners moving
into the South
►Became involved in
politics
Changes in the South
– Ku Klux Klan (KKK) -- formed by white southerners
to help them regain power & to keep African
Americans and White Republicans out of office.
– Sharecroppers: person who farms land owned by
another in exchange for a share of the crops
The “Invisible Empire of the
South”
Compromise of 1877
• prompted by the disputed presidential
election of 1876
• marked the end of Reconstruction in the
South and a return to "Home Rule”.
• Republican Party candidate, Rutherford
Hayes, would become the next president
and that the Democrats would regain
political power in the southern state
governments.
Jim Crow Laws
►Southern states
create laws to
segregate public
space
►Limited voting rights
by: Poll tax,
Grandfather Clause,
Literacy tests
Plessy v. Ferguson= Separate
but equal
• Establishes the
precedent that
SEPERATE
facilities for whites
and blacks is ok as
long as they are
EQUAL in quality.
Aim: Should Reconstruction be considered a
success or a failure?
Do Now: Chart in Notes (8 mins)
Homework:
Key Question
How do we
bring the South
back into the
Union?
How do we
rebuild the
South after its
destruction
during the war?
How do we
integrate and
protect newlyemancipated
black freedmen?
What branch
of government
should control
the process of
Reconstruction?
Your Answer
Did any reconstruction
plan address this Q?
Activity: Reconstruction Plans
Jigsaw:
•You will be assigned 1 of 3 different reconstruction plans.
•Individually you will have 10 minutes to read the source and
complete the graphic organizer.
•You will be placed into groups of 3, where you will have 15
minutes in order to PRESENT your plan to the group. All
members are responsible for a completed packet.
•The class will review the plans and complete the chart from
the do now. (12 minutes)
Key Question
How do we
bring the South
back into the
Union?
How do we
rebuild the
South after its
destruction
during the war?
How do we
integrate and
protect newlyemancipated
black freedmen?
What branch
of government
should control
the process of
Reconstruction?
Your Answer
Did any reconstruction
plan address this Q?