Transcript The Korean War

Objective 3:
Describe and analyze the foreign policy (decisions
made) of the Truman Administration
Review Question
Events/decisions:
If you had the power
to change an event or
decision from the
Cold War, what
would you change and
why?
 What would the
impact on the world
be?

 Creating the United Nations
 Developing the Atomic Bomb
 Dividing Europe (Iron Curtain)
 Truman Doctrine
 Marshall Plan/Molotov Plan
 Joining Germany with UK/France
 Berlin Airlift
 Creation of NATO
 Refusing to recognize Communist China
 Giving $ to Chinese Nationalist
 Sending $ and troops to contain
communism in Korean War
Cold War at Home
 Loyalty Review Board
 1947:Truman issues a Federal Employee Loyalty Program
 1947-1951: will investigate over 3 million employees
(firing 212 considered suspicious)
The House Un-American Activities
Committee
 House Un-American Activities Committee(HUAC):
investigated possible Communist influence
 Inside and outside government jobs
 Investigation of movie industry
 Communists sneaking propaganda into films
 43 witnesses from Hollywood: “friendly” and “unfriendly”
 Hollywood Ten:
10 unfriendly witnesses called to testify,
did not cooperate, send to prison
 Blacklisted: people condemned for
having communist backgrounds
Spy Cases Stun the Nation
 Alger Hiss: accused of being Soviet spy
 Claimed he was innocent and that documents were forged
 Prosecuted by young conservative Republic Richard Nixon
 Ethel & Julius Rosenberg:
found guilty of espionage and
executed
 Implicated during Kuch’s Spy
case (physicist accused of sharing
bomb secrets with Soviets )
 Pleaded their innocence until
their death
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wIlr_HXTvJg
McCarthy Launches “Witch Hunt”
 Joseph McCarthy: Republican Senator from Wisconsin,
extremely anti-communist
 May lose next election so needed an issue that would win over with
voters
 “Communists are taking over the government”
 False accusations of suspected Communists
became known as McCarthyism: unfair tactic
of accusing people of disloyalty w/o providing
evidence
 Claimed to have list of over 200
Communists w/in State Department
(never actually provided
a SINGLE name)
United States v. Soviet Union
Two Nations Live on the Edge
Objective 4:
Describe and analyze the foreign policy (decisions made)
of the Eisenhower Administration
Dwight D. Eisenhower (1953-1961)
Policy of Brinkmanship (all out war)
Brinkmanship Rules U.S. Policy
 Scientists created even more powerful weapon: H-bomb
 1 million tons of TNT
 Who could build it first mentality: U.S. or Soviet Union?
 America WINS!
 Brinksmanship: practice of threatening an enemy with massive
military retaliation for any aggression
 Stock pile nukes
 Increase air force
Fear of Nuclear Fall Out
 Increase in stock pile of nukes =
Americans take action because of
fear of attack
 Government starting passing out
“How To” pamphlets regarding
survival and shelters
Cold War Spreads Around the World
 Central Intelligence Agency (CIA): way for government to
attain information using spies abroad as well as carry out covert
missions
 Middle East: Reestablish Western control and relations with Iran
(*OIL FIELDS)
 Latin America: Take back “American land” in Guatemala
(Dictator takes control)
Cold War Spreads Around the World
 Warsaw Pact: Soviet Military alliance
 Geneva Summit  step towards peace
 Allow for open skies between U.S./Soviet Union (DENIED)
 Suez Crisis 1955-1956
 Egypt take control of Suez Canal
Cold War Spreads Around the World
 Eisenhower Doctrine: U.S. would defend the Middle East from
an attack by any communist country
 Hungarian Uprising(1956):
 Hungarians revolted and called for
Democratic government
 Soviets Response: swift and brutal
(killing about 30,000 Hungarians)
The Cold War Takes to the Skies
 Nikita Khruschev: Leader of Soviet Union [after Stalin]
 Space Race:
 1957 Soviets launch Sputnik: first satellite
 Americans upset with being beaten pouring millions in own program:
finally launch own satellite in 1958
 U-2 Shot Down
 U.S. secretly flew over Russia
 “Last” U-2 flight shot down days
before Eisenhower & Khrushchev
met
 Meeting called off no more negotiations
between U.S. & Soviet Union
The Eisenhower Administration
 How did the Eisenhower
Administration contribute to the
Cold War
 How did decisions made hurt the
situation of the Cold War?
 How did decisions made help the
situation of the Cold War
 Must say WHY you feel the way
you do!