Transcript A World at War: World War I

A World at War:
World War I
American History
Grade 10
Unit 4
Author:
Joshua Hazelrigg
Table of Contents
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Objectives
Materials
Web Sites
Student Activities
Presentation Slides
Objectives
• This unit is designed to teach students the
events that led to America becoming
involved in World War I and the results of
the war.
• To prepare students of the benchmarks and
knowledge necessary for passing the OGT.
Materials
• Computers for research
• Historical maps of Europe
• LCD projector or overhead for visuals and
maps
• Pens, pencils, paper
• Index Cards
• Colored Pencils, Crayons, or Markers
Web Sites
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First World War.com
History Channel
PBS.com: The Great War
BBC.com: World War I Schools Web
Eyewitness History.com
Student Activities
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Introduction Quiz
Alliance System Activity
Who Did What (In America) Activity
Versailles Meeting Activity
How the World Changed Activity
Student Activities
• An introduction quiz to see what the
students remember about World War I.
• This activity is to assist the teacher in
knowing what sections of World War I need
to be focussed on more than others.
• Go Back to Student Activity Listing
Student Activities
• The Alliance System
– Students are given cards telling them who they
have alliances with.
– Using these cards and prompts from the
teacher, students must decide whether to
declare war, stay neutral, or compromise.
– After all prompts are used, students will be
asked the benefits and shortcomings of the
alliance system.
– Go Back to Student Activity Listing
Student Activities
• Who Did What (in America)
– Students are given handouts explaining the life
of an individual in America during WWI (i.e.
Women, African Americans, soldiers, children
and businesses).
– Students will read and take notes on their
person.
– Students will then split into groups and create a
jigsaw of notes about the different people of
America.
– Go Back to Student Activity Listing
Student Activities
• Versailles Meeting Activity
– Students are assigned to groups that will
represent the major players in the Treaty of
Versailles.
– They are given their amount of influence,
objectives, goals, and flexibility.
– With this information, they must create a
cooperative treaty that deals with the problems
facing those at the end of World War I.
– Go Back to Student Activity Listing
Student Activities
• How the World Changed Activity
– The students will receive multiple maps of Europe
to show the stages of Europe throughout American
interaction.
– Students will color alliances, territory gained and
lost, and new nations created after the Treaty of
Versailles.
– The time periods covered will be the beginning of
the war, pre-American intervention, Europe at the
cease-fire, and after the Treaty of Versailles.
– Go Back to Student Activity Listing
Prelude to War
• President Wilson believed America had
more domestic problems.
• America had problems with Latin America
(esp. Mexico)
• Pancho Villa raids New Mexico and kills 18
people.
In the Caribbean
• Wilson sends marines
to overthrow multiple
governments.
• Wilson purchases the
Virgin Islands.
Concern in Europe
• Alliance system creates tension
among nations.
• Germany, Austria-Hungary, and
Italy (Triple Alliance)
• France, Russia, & England
(Triple Entente)
• Archduke Ferdinand
assassinated. War erupts.
• Italy leaves Triple Alliance and
Ottoman Empire joins.
America Chooses Neutrality
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Americans divided because of heritages.
Trade shrinks between Central Powers and USA.
Trade grows between USA and Allies.
Britain puts a blockade on all goods going to
Germany and declares them to be contraband.
• Germany is angered and reacts by attacking
merchant ships.
Germans React to America’s
“Neutrality”
• German U-boats sink
unarmed ships.
• 1915 - Germans sink
Lusitania, kills 128
Americans, and sinks
Sussex.
• Instead of going to war,
Germany agrees with
Wilson not to sink
anymore merchant
ships.
America Drawn into War
• Germans continue to sink
all ships in the Atlantic,
including US ships.
• America intercepts the
“Zimmerman Note”
(Germany asking Mexico
to go to war with US to
keep US occupied).
• US declares war on
Germany (April 6, 1917)
• Congress passes
Selective Service Act
establishing the Draft
• Armed forces grow
from 200,000 to 2.8
million.
• 200,000 AfricanAmericans fights in
WWI.
• America turns the tide
of war and Germany
signs an armistice.
War Efforts at Home
• Industries begin to
mobilize and organize war
production.
• Women and AfricanAmericans gain jobs.
• Government passes
“Excess Profits” tax to pay
debts.
• Propaganda fuels
pro-war attitudes.
• Anti-War sentiments
silenced by
Espionage and
Sedition Acts.
• Germans were
persecuted due to
their heritage.
“Victory” in Europe
• France, Britain, US,
and Italy meet in
Versailles to create a
peace Treaty.
• Wilson presents his
Fourteen Points.
• Most of the Fourteen
Points are ignored.
• Germany is forced to
pay reparations, lost
territory.
• Austria-Hungary is
split.
• Ottoman Empire lost
territory.
• League of Nations
created (but the US
did not join).
America Demobilizes
• Inflation doubles.
• Agriculture prices
plummet because of lost
demand.
• Racial Tensions
continues.
• One of the few positives
is the passing of the
19th Amendment.
(1920).
The End