Transcript PE terminology - Horton High School

PE TERMINOLOGY
ANATOMY
PHYSIOLOGY
EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY
ANATOMICAL POSITION
PLANES/AXIS
FLEXION/EXTENSION
ABDUCTION/ADDUCTION
INTERNAL/EXTERNAL ROTATION
CIRCUMDUCTION
SUPINATION
PROTRACTION/RETRACTION
EVERSION/INVERSION
ELEVATION/DEPRESSION
OPPOSTITION/REPOSITION
ANTERIOR & POSTERIOR
INFERIOR & SUPERIOR
MEDIAL & LATERAL
DISTAL & PROXIMAL
SUPERFICIAL & DEEP
Power Point Terminology Assignment
 Create a PP for each definition that includes a brief
written defintion of the term and shows a picture
(labeled) of the position or movement.
 Place it in the in box for 12 Ldr – Terms
 Due for Tues Feb 23rd.
 Late projects
10% deducted for each day it is late
After 5 days an incomplete will be given and you will come in during
a noon or recess until it is completed.
Anatomy
THE STUDY OF THE STRUCTURES OF THE
BODY. NAMING THE PARTS OF THE BODY.
IN MECHANICS IT WOULD MEAN
KNOWING THE PARTS OF THE CAR
Exercise Physiology
The study of how exercise affects our body’s functions.
The physiology of a car would mean knowing how the
parts work. How the cylinders and rods work to
make the engine go…
Planes and Axis
 Sagittal plane – forward and backward movements
 Frontal plane – sideways movements
 Transverse plane – horizontal movements
Axis are points around which we rotate
 Longitudinal Axis – is vertical running head to toe
 Antero Posterior Axis – extends from front to back
 Horizontal Axis – extends from side to side
Anatomical Position
THE BODY IS POSITIONED FACE
FRONT, EYES FORWARD, THUMB ON
ONE ARM TURNED OUT AND TOES
FORWARD.
Flexion & Extension
Flexion – reducing the angle of a joint. Flexion occurs
in the Sagittal plane. Ie – bending the elbow is
flexion
Extension – enlarging the angle of a joint. Extension
takes place in the Sagittal plane Straightening the
knee is extension
Abduction & Adduction
Abduction – moving an arm or leg sideways away from the
center of the body. (lateral arm raise)
Adduction – is the opposite of abduction, moving an arm or
leg from the side toward the center of the body. (the arm
outstretched to the side is dropped to your side)
Internal/External Rotation
Internal rotation -Rotating your hip, knee and foot
toward the midline or in toward the middle.
External rotation – rotating your bent arm away from
the midline (see below)
Circumduction
Making circles with arms straight out. This is really a
combination of Flexion, Extension, Abduction and
Adduction.
Trunk rotations are also an example of Circumduction
Supination/Pronation
Supination -Turning your thumb out with palm facing
front
Pronation –turning your thumb in with the palm
facing down
Protraction/Retraction
Protraction - movement in a forward direction such as
sticking your chin out
Retraction - moving in a backward direction such as
pushing your shoulders back and squeezing your
shoulder blades together
Dorsi flexion/Plantar flexion
Dorsi Flexion - Flex the ankle to pull your toes toward
your head
Plantar Flexion - Standing on your toes. Opposite of
Dorsiflexion
Inversion/Eversion
Inversion - stand on the out inner edge of your feet
Eversion - stand on the outside edge of your feet
Elevation/Depression
Elevation - movement in an upward direction such as
shrugging the shoulders
Depression - movement in a downward direction such
as slumping the shoulders
Opposition/Reposition
Opposition - touching ones finger (s) to the thumb.
Allows us to grasp and manipulate tools
Reposition - opposite of opposition. Returning thumb
and fingers to normal position
Anterior & Posterior
Anterior refers to forward surfaces of the body.
Toward the front
Posterior refers to back surfaces of the body.
Toward the back
Ie – the spine is posterior on the body while the eyes
are anterior
Superior & Inferior
Superior refers to upward surfaces
Inferior refers to downward surfaces
Ie – the head is superior to the knee while the feet are
inferior to the knee
Medial & Lateral
Medial means toward the center midline of the body
Lateral means away from the midline to the side
Ie – Feet apart is movement laterally while feet
together is a medial movement
Proximal & Distal
Proximal means toward the point of attachment of a
limb to the body
Distal is the opposite or away from the attachment to
the body
Ie – the fingers are distal on the arm while the elbow
more proximal
Superficial & Deep
Superficial means toward the surface of the skin
Deep means toward the inner core of the body