Transcript Pg. 263-267

HUMAN
ANATOMY
JOINTS
(aka…
articulations)
LATIN TERMS that you will find
very helpful in remembering
JOINTS!
• Arthros = joint
• Syn = together
• Amphi = both
sides
• Dia = through
•
•
•
•
Sub = below
Dis = not
Planta = sole
In = into
• Use pg. 268
in your book
to identify
the various
types of
joints &
examples per
the human
body!
“Synarthrosis”
“Amphiarthrosis”
“Diarthrosis” (synovial
joints)
e. Ellipsoid/Condyloid: wrist
f. Gliding: metatarsals &
phalanges
o TENDONS: cartilage that
connect skeletal muscle to bone
o Pass across or around joint
o Can limit range of motion
o Provide support
• Dislocation (luxation)
– Articulating bones are forced
out of position by extreme
stress
– Can cause damage to
cartilage, ligaments or distort
the joint cavity
• Subluxation
– Partial dislocation
– Less severe
– “double-jointed” persons
more likely to suffer
subluxation
Pg. 263-267
• Gliding: 2 surfaces slide
past each other
• Circumduction: circular
movement of a body part; a
combination of flexion,
extension, adduction, &
abduction
• Rotation: motion that
occurs when a part turns on
its axis
Pg. 263-267
• Flexion/extension/
hyperextension
– Flexion: bending
movement that
decreases the angle
between 2 parts
– Extension: straightening movement that
increases the angle between body parts
– Hyperextension: movement beyond the
normal position
Pg. 263-267
• Supination/pronation
– Supination: rotation of forearm so that the
palm faces anteriorly (up)
– Pronation: rotation of forearm that moves
the palm from an anterior-facing position to a
posterior-facing position (down)
• Opposition: motion involving a
grasping of the thumb & fingers
Pg. 263-267
• Inversion/eversion
– Inversion: movement of
sole of foot towards median
plane
– Eversion: movement of sole
of foot away from median
plane
• Retraction/protraction
– Retraction: posterior
movement of arms at the
shoulders
– Protraction: anterior
movement of arms at the
shoulders
Pg. 263-267
• Depression/elevation
– Depression: movement
in an inferior direction
– Elevation: movement in
a superior direction
• Dorsiflexion/plantar
flexion
– Dorsiflexion: extension
of entire foot superiorly
– Plantar flexion: flexion
of entire foot inferiorly
• Lateral flexion: flexion
from side to side
Pg. 263-267
• Abduction/adduction
– Abduction: motion that pulls a structure or part away from the
midline of the body
– Adduction: motion that pulls a structure or part towards the
midline of the body