Transcript AP 21 Review PPT

• Which inventor created a more efficient steam
engine?
• A. Edison.
• B. Bell.
• C. Morse.
• D. Watt.
• Which inventor created a more efficient steam
engine?
• A. Edison.
• B. Bell.
• C. Morse.
• D. Watt.
• How did the steam engine affect industrial
growth?
• A. Goods could be transported to new
markets.
• B. It offered a more efficient source of power.
• C. Rail transport came to replace sea
transport.
• D. It reduced pollution from oil and coal.
• How did the steam engine affect industrial
growth?
• A. Goods could be transported to new
markets.
• B. It offered a more efficient source of power.
• C. Rail transport came to replace sea
transport.
• D. It reduced pollution from oil and coal.
• . The first nation to industrialize on the
continent was
• Prussia
• France
• Belgium
• Russia
• Denmark
• . The first nation to industrialize on the
continent was
• Prussia
• France
• Belgium
• Russia
• Denmark
• . All of the following were results of the Industrial
Revolution EXCEPT
• It created two new social classes
• It displaced the landed aristocracy as the
dominant social class
• I brought great wealth to factory owners
• It subjected workers and their families to low
wages, long working days, and oppressive
• It created poverty much worse than that in the
countryside
• . All of the following were results of the Industrial
Revolution EXCEPT
• It created two new social classes
• It displaced the landed aristocracy as the
dominant social class
• I brought great wealth to factory owners
• It subjected workers and their families to low
wages, long working days, and oppressive
• It created poverty much worse than that in the
countryside
• Which of the following was an advantage enjoyed
by Great Britain that helps explain why the
Second Industrial Revolution originated there?
• An extensive river system
• The lack of internal trade tariffs
• A well-developed commercial economy
• Natural resources
• All of the above
• Which of the following was an advantage enjoyed
by Great Britain that helps explain why the
Second Industrial Revolution originated there?
• An extensive river system
• The lack of internal trade tariffs
• A well-developed commercial economy
• Natural resources
• All of the above
• . Throughout the Industrial Revolution, the
country that held the lead in innovation and
industrial production was
• Russia
• France
• Germany
• Great Britain
• Holland
• . Throughout the Industrial Revolution, the
country that held the lead in innovation and
industrial production was
• Russia
• France
• Germany
• Great Britain
• Holland
• .In general , the Second Industrial Revolution in
Europe
• Began n the Continent and spread in all directions
• Took place in Great Britain
• Took place more slowly in Eastern Europe
• Was stimulated by government investment in
Western Europe
• Took place later but more rapidly in Eastern
Europe
• .In general , the Second Industrial Revolution in
Europe
• Began n the Continent and spread in all directions
• Took place in Great Britain
• Took place more slowly in Eastern Europe
• Was stimulated by government investment in
Western Europe
• Took place later but more rapidly in Eastern
Europe
• All of the following are characteristics of the
Industrial Revolution (1780-1830) EXCEPT
• That it replaced hand manufacture with machine
production
• That it concentrated the working force in
factories
• That it was aperiod of dramatic advancement
• That it took place in France
• That it transformed European society
• All of the following are characteristics of the
Industrial Revolution (1780-1830) EXCEPT
• That it replaced hand manufacture with machine
production
• That it concentrated the working force in
factories
• That it was aperiod of dramatic advancement
• That it took place in France
• That it transformed European society
• . In what ways were railroads an improvement
over canals?
• A. Railroads could connect two rivers.
• B. Railroads could connect an inland town to a
coastal port.
• C. Railroads did not have to follow the course of
a river.
• D. Railroads were the only form of
• . overland transportation
• . In what ways were railroads an improvement
over canals?
• A. Railroads could connect two rivers.
• B. Railroads could connect an inland town to a
coastal port.
• C. Railroads did not have to follow the course of
a river.
• D. Railroads were the only form of
• . overland transportation
• . All the following were results of the Irish
potato blight in the 1840s EXCEPT
• Reforms to benefit the Irish peasants
• Starvation and disease
• Irish immigration, mainly to the United States
• Repeal of the Corn Laws
• Continued severe poverty in Ireland
• . All the following were results of the Irish
potato blight in the 1840s EXCEPT
• Reforms to benefit the Irish peasants
• Starvation and disease
• Irish immigration, mainly to the United States
• Repeal of the Corn Laws
• Continued severe poverty in Ireland
• The railway boom of the 1830s and 1840s
• Increased demand for steel but decreased
demand for coal
• Did not effect the demand for steel
• Increased demand for both steel and coal
• Increased demand for coal but decreased
demand for steel
• Did not affect the demand for coal
• The railway boom of the 1830s and 1840s
• Increased demand for steel but decreased
demand for coal
• Did not effect the demand for steel
• Increased demand for both steel and coal
• Increased demand for coal but decreased
demand for steel
• Did not affect the demand for coal
• . As a result of the Second Industrial
Revolution, the majority of skilled artisans and
craftsman
• Prospered
• Became managers in factories
• Lost their livelihoods
• Moved to towns and cities
• Were women
• . As a result of the Second Industrial
Revolution, the majority of skilled artisans and
craftsman
• Prospered
• Became managers in factories
• Lost their livelihoods
• Moved to towns and cities
• Were women
• The Chartist movement in England advocated
all the following EXCEPT
• Universal suffrage
• Salaries for members of Parliament
• Minimum wage
• More equality among voting districts
• Voting by secret ballot
• The Chartist movement in England advocated
all the following EXCEPT
• Universal suffrage
• Salaries for members of Parliament
• Minimum wage
• More equality among voting districts
• Voting by secret ballot
• A major goal of English Chartists in the 1840’s
was
• equal distribution of wealth
• protective tariffs for farm products
• war with France
• abolition of the monarchy
• the vote for all men
• A major goal of English Chartists in the 1840’s
was
• equal distribution of wealth
• protective tariffs for farm products
• war with France
• abolition of the monarchy
• the vote for all men
• All of the goals of the Chartist movement were
eventually achieved in Great Britain EXCEPT
• The secret ballot
• Annual parliaments
• Equal electoral districts
• Abolition of property requirements for
Members of Parliament
• Salaries for Members of Parliament
• All of the goals of the Chartist movement were
eventually achieved in Great Britain EXCEPT
• The secret ballot
• Annual parliaments
• Equal electoral districts
• Abolition of property requirements for
Members of Parliament
• Salaries for Members of Parliament
• The primary purpose of the Chartist movement of
the 1840s was to
• Get working men an eight-hour day
• Convince working men to unionize
• Get the House of Commons to pass the Six Act of
the People’s Charter
• Form a political party that would challenge the
Whig and Tory political dominance
• Tap into the revolutionary potential of the English
working class
• The primary purpose of the Chartist movement of
the 1840s was to
• Get working men an eight-hour day
• Convince working men to unionize
• Get the House of Commons to pass the Six Act of
the People’s Charter
• Form a political party that would challenge the
Whig and Tory political dominance
• Tap into the revolutionary potential of the English
working class
• The Chartist movement (1837-1842) in Britain
demonstrated
• The power of the monarchy
• The degree to which the lower-middle and
working classes desired further reform
• The strength of nationalism
• Opposition to monarchy
• The degree to which working people were
opposed to the mechanization of industry
• The Chartist movement (1837-1842) in Britain
demonstrated
• The power of the monarchy
• The degree to which the lower-middle and
working classes desired further reform
• The strength of nationalism
• Opposition to monarchy
• The degree to which working people were
opposed to the mechanization of industry
• Much of the agenda of the 19th century
Chartist movement in England involved voting
reform. The Chartist wanted
• Numerically balanced electoral districts
• Female suffrage
• Elimination of the House of Lords
• Reduction of the voting age to 18
• All of the above
• Much of the agenda of the 19th century
Chartist movement in England involved voting
reform. The Chartist wanted
• Numerically balanced electoral districts
• Female suffrage
• Elimination of the House of Lords
• Reduction of the voting age to 18
• All of the above
• All of the following were reforms demanded by
the program of Chartism EXCEPT
• Payment of salaries to member of the House of
Commons
• Universal male suffrage
• The secret ballot
• Annual elections in the House of Commons
• The maintenance of the property requirement for
members of the House of Commons
• All of the following were reforms demanded by
the program of Chartism EXCEPT
• Payment of salaries to member of the House of
Commons
• Universal male suffrage
• The secret ballot
• Annual elections in the House of Commons
• The maintenance of the property requirement for
members of the House of Commons
• After the passage of the English Factory Act in
1833
• There was a marked decreased in productivity
• More children were exploited in the workplace
• Many British working class laborers demanded
shorter workdays for adults
• The workday for adult and older teenagers was
shortened
• Working-class parents became more involved in
the education of their children
• After the passage of the English Factory Act in
1833
• There was a marked decreased in productivity
• More children were exploited in the workplace
• Many British working class laborers demanded
shorter workdays for adults
• The workday for adult and older teenagers was
shortened
• Working-class parents became more involved in
the education of their children
• Which of the following best characterizes women
in the new service work force of the late 19th
century
• They were unmarried and young
• They were young, married, and middle class
• They were young, married and mothers of
children
• They were middle-aged
• They were independently wealthy
• Which of the following best characterizes women
in the new service work force of the late 19th
century
• They were unmarried and young
• They were young, married, and middle class
• They were young, married and mothers of
children
• They were middle-aged
• They were independently wealthy
•
•
•
•
•
•
. Police forces in the early 18th century were
Staffed by community volunteers
Politically appointed
Paid and professionally trained
A special branch of the local government
Funded by local aristocrats concerned with
falling property rights
•
•
•
•
•
•
. Police forces in the early 18th century were
Staffed by community volunteers
Politically appointed
Paid and professionally trained
A special branch of the local government
Funded by local aristocrats concerned with
falling property rights
• Which of the following were aspects of the 19th
century prison reform EXCEPT
• Grouping men, women, and children together in
“family” units
• The complete separation of prisoners at all times
• The separation of prisoners during the nights
• An individual cell for each prisoner
• Long periods of silence among prisoners
• Which of the following were aspects of the 19th
century prison reform EXCEPT
• Grouping men, women, and children together in
“family” units
• The complete separation of prisoners at all times
• The separation of prisoners during the nights
• An individual cell for each prisoner
• Long periods of silence among prisoners
• The 19th century attempts to create new police
forces and reform prisons are reflective of which
growing political sentiment?
• Reactionary conservatism
• A need to impose order in a growing and
migrating population
• The end of Enlishtenment influence
• An intolerance of the lower classes
• New attitudes of social benevolence and welfare
• The 19th century attempts to create new police
forces and reform prisons are reflective of which
growing political sentiment?
• Reactionary conservatism
• A need to impose order in a growing and
migrating population
• The end of Enlishtenment influence
• An intolerance of the lower classes
• New attitudes of social benevolence and welfare
• . An advocate of laissez faire
• Advocates protectionist tariffs
• Argues that the government should refrain from
trying to regulate the economy
• argues that only natural laws are legitimate
• agrues that the government should act as an
“invisible hand” to regulate the economy
• argues that a monarch rules by the command of
God
• . An advocate of laissez faire
• Advocates protectionist tariffs
• Argues that the government should refrain from
trying to regulate the economy
• argues that only natural laws are legitimate
• agrues that the government should act as an
“invisible hand” to regulate the economy
• argues that a monarch rules by the command of
God
• . The principles of laissez-faire advocate that
• A country should have colonies for raw
materials
• A country’s wealth is counted in it gold and
silver
• All tariffs should be eliminated
• Countries should be self-sufficient
• Governments should control wages and prices
• . The principles of laissez-faire advocate that
• A country should have colonies for raw
materials
• A country’s wealth is counted in it gold and
silver
• All tariffs should be eliminated
• Countries should be self-sufficient
• Governments should control wages and prices
• . Which of the following was a strong advocate
of laissez faire
• a. Karl Marx
• b. Thomas Malthus
• c. Adam Smith
• d. Robert Owen
• e. Jeremy Bentham
• . Which of the following was a strong advocate
of laissez faire
• a. Karl Marx
• b. Thomas Malthus
• c. Adam Smith
• d. Robert Owen
• e. Jeremy Bentham
• . He believed that charity and medicine made
matters worse because he saw the central human
problem as one of population versus production
• Thomas Malthus
• David Ricardo
• Adam Smith
• Karl Marx
• Jeremy Bentham
• . He believed that charity and medicine made
matters worse because he saw the central human
problem as one of population versus production
• Thomas Malthus
• David Ricardo
• Adam Smith
• Karl Marx
• Jeremy Bentham
• According to Ricardo’s Iron Law of Wages
• Workers in pig iron production must earn
subsistence wages
• Population will outrun the food supply
• A ten-hour workday was most productive
• Variations in the supply and demand of labor will
lead to eventual mass starvation
• Poverty will end only with the public ownership
of the means of production
• According to Ricardo’s Iron Law of Wages
• Workers in pig iron production must earn
subsistence wages
• Population will outrun the food supply
• A ten-hour workday was most productive
• Variations in the supply and demand of labor will
lead to eventual mass starvation
• Poverty will end only with the public ownership
of the means of production
• . David Ricardo has a pessimistic outlook toward
the English factory workers. He believed
• Overpopulation was about to doom the working
class
• Laissez faire policies were necessary to expand
trade
• Paying workers more would only encourage
larger families, who would consume the excess
• Education wasn’t necessary for the poor
• All of the above
• . David Ricardo has a pessimistic outlook toward
the English factory workers. He believed
• Overpopulation was about to doom the working
class
• Laissez faire policies were necessary to expand
trade
• Paying workers more would only encourage
larger families, who would consume the excess
• Education wasn’t necessary for the poor
• All of the above
• . The 1834 Zollverein (Prussian customs union)
was designed to do which of the following?
• (A) Create a common currency
• (B) Achieve national unification
• (C) Promote European colonial expansion
• (D) Create an enlarged trading area
• (E) Slow the construction of railroads
• . The 1834 Zollverein (Prussian customs union)
was designed to do which of the following?
• (A) Create a common currency
• (B) Achieve national unification
• (C) Promote European colonial expansion
• (D) Create an enlarged trading area
• (E) Slow the construction of railroads
• Utilitarians differed form other kinds of
liberals in their
• Support of tradition
• Emphasis on individual liberty
• Tendency to be more supportive of
government intervention
• Call for the abolition of private property
• Advocacy of violence
• Utilitarians differed form other kinds of
liberals in their
• Support of tradition
• Emphasis on individual liberty
• Tendency to be more supportive of
government intervention
• Call for the abolition of private property
• Advocacy of violence
• . “The greatest happiness for the greatest
number” was the explicit goal of which of the
following movements?
• (A) Romanticism
• (B) Utilitarianism
• (C) Pietism
• (D) Anarchism
• (E) Jansenism
• . “The greatest happiness for the greatest
number” was the explicit goal of which of the
following movements?
• (A) Romanticism
• (B) Utilitarianism
• (C) Pietism
• (D) Anarchism
• (E) Jansenism
• Utilitarians differed from other liberals by
• Supporting government regulation of working
conditions in factories
• Calling for the abolition of many traditional
institutions
• Believing in the existence of natural laws that
govern human behavior
• Calling for the abolition of private property
• Regarding many religious practices as mere
superstitions
• Utilitarians differed from other liberals by
• Supporting government regulation of working
conditions in factories
• Calling for the abolition of many traditional
institutions
• Believing in the existence of natural laws that
govern human behavior
• Calling for the abolition of private property
• Regarding many religious practices as mere
superstitions
• Which if the following 19th century ideologies
stressed both individual freedom and
government regulation?
• Socialism
• Utilitarianism
• Liberalism
• Conservatism
• Anarchism
• Which if the following 19th century ideologies
stressed both individual freedom and
government regulation?
• Socialism
• Utilitarianism
• Liberalism
• Conservatism
• Anarchism
• .Jeremy Bentham’s utilitarianism
• Promoted the view that population grew geometrically
while food supplies grew arithmetically
• Demanded workers’ cooperatives be created in place
of a market economy
• Argued that human happiness though the “greatest
happiness of the greatest number”.
• Asserted that wages would stabilize at the subsistence
level
• Stated that class identity should be associated with the
means of production
• .Jeremy Bentham’s utilitarianism
• Promoted the view that population grew geometrically
while food supplies grew arithmetically
• Demanded workers’ cooperatives be created in place
of a market economy
• Argued that human happiness though the “greatest
happiness of the greatest number”.
• Asserted that wages would stabilize at the subsistence
level
• Stated that class identity should be associated with the
means of production
• Working and middle class individuals were
united in opposition to
• The Factory Act
• Chartism
• The Reform Bill of 1867
• The Great Reform Bill of 1832
• The Corn Laws
• Working and middle class individuals were
united in opposition to
• The Factory Act
• Chartism
• The Reform Bill of 1867
• The Great Reform Bill of 1832
• The Corn Laws
• The end of the Corn Laws in Great Britain in 1846
was an indication that
• a.The government was fully responsive to the
needs of workers
• b.The industrial revolution was beginning to slow
down
• c.Grain was now available in abundance
• d.The role of the monarchy was in decline
• e.The old landed classes no longer fully
dominated politics
• The end of the Corn Laws in Great Britain in 1846
was an indication that
• a.The government was fully responsive to the
needs of workers
• b.The industrial revolution was beginning to slow
down
• c.Grain was now available in abundance
• d.The role of the monarchy was in decline
• e.The old landed classes no longer fully
dominated politics
• . A factor accelerating the British government’s
repeal of the Corn Laws in 1846 was the
• (A) South Sea Bubble scandal
• (B) American Revolution
• (C) Irish potato famine
• (D) development of relatively inexpensive ocean
transport
• (E) worldwide mechanization of grain farming
• . A factor accelerating the British government’s
repeal of the Corn Laws in 1846 was the
• (A) South Sea Bubble scandal
• (B) American Revolution
• (C) Irish potato famine
• (D) development of relatively inexpensive ocean
transport
• (E) worldwide mechanization of grain farming
• Industrial socialism
• Advocated the abolition of private property
• Sought to create to profitable industrial
enterprise without exploiting workers
• Called for the creation of phalansteries
• Advocated a return to small-scale production by
skilled artisans
• e.Advocated government regulation of working
conditions
•
• Industrial socialism
• Advocated the abolition of private property
• Sought to create to profitable industrial
enterprise without exploiting workers
• Called for the creation of phalansteries
• Advocated a return to small-scale production by
skilled artisans
• e.Advocated government regulation of working
conditions
•
• The Utopian Socialists were labeled as such by
Marx mainly because
• He could not imagine how such plans could be
funded
• He hated their plans for agricultural communities
• He thought that they were primarily anarchists
• He believed that their ideas were unsystematic
and unscientific
• He viewed with disdain any ideas that failed to
account for bourgeois advarice
• The Utopian Socialists were labeled as such by
Marx mainly because
• He could not imagine how such plans could be
funded
• He hated their plans for agricultural communities
• He thought that they were primarily anarchists
• He believed that their ideas were unsystematic
and unscientific
• He viewed with disdain any ideas that failed to
account for bourgeois advarice
• . Anarchists believed that inidividuals would be
free only when
• The state is geared toward better meeting the
needs of workers
• The individual accepted that freedom is in the
mind and not possible in a physical sense
• The state is abolished
• The teaching of Marx are accepted
• The individual is free to return to the simple rural
life
• . Anarchists believed that inidividuals would be
free only when
• The state is geared toward better meeting the
needs of workers
• The individual accepted that freedom is in the
mind and not possible in a physical sense
• The state is abolished
• The teaching of Marx are accepted
• The individual is free to return to the simple rural
life
•
•
•
•
•
•
Early 19th century Luddites were known for
Political liberalism
Chartism
Organizing the first British Labor unions
Breaking machinery
Republicanism
•
•
•
•
•
•
Early 19th century Luddites were known for
Political liberalism
Chartism
Organizing the first British Labor unions
Breaking machinery
Republicanism
• . "By the charter granted by our late sovereign the
framework knitters are empowered to break and
destroy all frames and engines that fabricate articles in
a fraudulent and deceitful manner."
• The quotation above is a formulation of the ideas of
which of the following groups?
• (A) Benthamites
• (B) Anarchists
• (C) Socialists
• (D) Luddites
• (E) Methodists
• . "By the charter granted by our late sovereign the
framework knitters are empowered to break and
destroy all frames and engines that fabricate articles in
a fraudulent and deceitful manner."
• The quotation above is a formulation of the ideas of
which of the following groups?
• (A) Benthamites
• (B) Anarchists
• (C) Socialists
• (D) Luddites
• (E) Methodists
• . Which of the following was most closely
associated with anarchism?
• (A) The assassination of Archduke Francis
Ferdinand and his wife Sophie
• (B) The execution of Tsar Nicholas 11 and his
family
• (C) The split between the Mensheviks and the
Bolsheviks
• (D) The formation of the Fabian Society
• (E) The growth of the syndicalist movement
• . Which of the following was most closely
associated with anarchism?
• (A) The assassination of Archduke Francis
Ferdinand and his wife Sophie
• (B) The execution of Tsar Nicholas 11 and his
family
• (C) The split between the Mensheviks and the
Bolsheviks
• (D) The formation of the Fabian Society
• (E) The growth of the syndicalist movement
• Writers and activitists of the 1840s who
rejected both industry and the domination of
government are known as
• Marxists
• Communists
• Owenists
• Anarchists
• Socialists
• Writers and activitists of the 1840s who
rejected both industry and the domination of
government are known as
• Marxists
• Communists
• Owenists
• Anarchists
• Socialists
• . Which of the following was a result of the
expansion of literacy in the late 19th century?
• A decline in the production of visual art
• A strengthened love of democracy among most
literary activists
• An explosion in the number of cheap newspapers
published
• A weakened spirit of nationalism
• An instant improvement in the overall quality of
literature available
• . Which of the following was a result of the
expansion of literacy in the late 19th century?
• A decline in the production of visual art
• A strengthened love of democracy among most
literary activists
• An explosion in the number of cheap newspapers
published
• A weakened spirit of nationalism
• An instant improvement in the overall quality of
literature available
• “The history of all hitherto existing societies is the
history of class struggles.”
•
• The quotation above is from the writings of
•
• (A) Robespierre and Danton
• (B) Saint-Simon
• (C) Marx and Engels
• (D) Malthus
• (E) Bismarck
• “The history of all hitherto existing societies is the
history of class struggles.”
•
• The quotation above is from the writings of
•
• (A) Robespierre and Danton
• (B) Saint-Simon
• (C) Marx and Engels
• (D) Malthus
• (E) Bismarck
• Which of the following statements best reflects
the ideas of Karl Marx?
• (A) Population grows in geometric progression.
• (B) Humans share a common ancestry with apes.
• (C) The market is governed by an invisible hand.
• (D) A classless society will emerge at the end of
the dialectical process.
• (E) Happiness results from the greatest good for
the greatest number.
• Which of the following statements best reflects
the ideas of Karl Marx?
• (A) Population grows in geometric progression.
• (B) Humans share a common ancestry with apes.
• (C) The market is governed by an invisible hand.
• (D) A classless society will emerge at the end of
the dialectical process.
• (E) Happiness results from the greatest good for
the greatest number.
• . Which of the following ideas is common to the works
of both Karl Marx and the classical economists?
• (A) The overthrow of the bourgeoisie by the revolutionary proletariat is inevitable.
• (B) Class struggle is the mechanism of historical
progress.
• (C) The free exchange of wages for labor ensures social
harmony.
• (D) The value of a product is largely determined by the
value of the labor used to produce it.
• (E) The triumph of the proletariat will bring about a
classless society
• . Which of the following ideas is common to the works
of both Karl Marx and the classical economists?
• (A) The overthrow of the bourgeoisie by the revolutionary proletariat is inevitable.
• (B) Class struggle is the mechanism of historical
progress.
• (C) The free exchange of wages for labor ensures social
harmony.
• (D) The value of a product is largely determined by the
value of the labor used to produce it.
• (E) The triumph of the proletariat will bring about a
classless society
• . “In place of the old bourgeois society, with its classes and
class antagonism, we shall have an association, in which
the free development of each is the condition for the free
development of all.”
•
• These words express the ideas of
•
• (A) Alexis de Tocqueville
• (B) John Locke
• (C) Jean-Jacques Rousseau
• (D) Edmund Burke
• (E) Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels
• . “In place of the old bourgeois society, with its classes and
class antagonism, we shall have an association, in which
the free development of each is the condition for the free
development of all.”
•
• These words express the ideas of
•
• (A) Alexis de Tocqueville
• (B) John Locke
• (C) Jean-Jacques Rousseau
• (D) Edmund Burke
• (E) Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels
• . One of the major tenets of Karl Marx’s work was that
• (A) peasants and artisans would combine with factory
workers to lead the forthcoming socialist revolution
• (B) by increasing social interaction, capitalism
improved the quality of human relationships
• (C) the Industrial Revolution was a social disaster
which had to be undone to restore the humane
preindustrial society
• (D) history moves inevitably through a series of stages
culminating in socialism
• (E) the historical function of government has been to
protect the weak from exploitation by the powerful
• . One of the major tenets of Karl Marx’s work was that
• (A) peasants and artisans would combine with factory
workers to lead the forthcoming socialist revolution
• (B) by increasing social interaction, capitalism
improved the quality of human relationships
• (C) the Industrial Revolution was a social disaster
which had to be undone to restore the humane
preindustrial society
• (D) history moves inevitably through a series of stages
culminating in socialism
• (E) the historical function of government has been to
protect the weak from exploitation by the powerful
• .The Communist Manifesto of 1848
• Helped bring about the revolution of 1848
• Urged the middle class to unite against the
nobility
• Claimed that events in history happened
erratically by chance
• Was written for the Communist Party
• Had no influence on the revolutions of 1848
• .The Communist Manifesto of 1848
• Helped bring about the revolution of 1848
• Urged the middle class to unite against the
nobility
• Claimed that events in history happened
erratically by chance
• Was written for the Communist Party
• Had no influence on the revolutions of 1848
• . “As historians from Karl Marx through Georges Lefebvre and Albert
Soboul have argued, the main accomplishment of the French Revoluton
was to abolish feudalism in
France and to clear the ground for
capitalist economic expansion and the rule of the bourgeoisie.”
•
• Which of the following views is consistent with the interpretation above?
• (A) The Revolution strengthened the domination of landed proprietors in
France
• (B) The Revolution eliminated guilds, seigneurial rights, and other
obstacles to French
agricultural and industrial advance
• (C) The long-term transition from feudalism to capitalism occurred over
many centuries, not between 1789 and 1794
• (D) The Revolution abolished private property in France and thus created
a modern democratic society
• (E) Both before and after the Revolution, France was ruled by leaders
drawn from the ranks of
the nobility and bourgeouisie
• . “As historians from Karl Marx through Georges Lefebvre and Albert
Soboul have argued, the main accomplishment of the French Revoluton
was to abolish feudalism in
France and to clear the ground for
capitalist economic expansion and the rule of the bourgeoisie.”
•
• Which of the following views is consistent with the interpretation above?
• (A) The Revolution strengthened the domination of landed proprietors in
France
• (B) The Revolution eliminated guilds, seigneurial rights, and other
obstacles to French
agricultural and industrial advance
• (C) The long-term transition from feudalism to capitalism occurred over
many centuries, not between 1789 and 1794
• (D) The Revolution abolished private property in France and thus created
a modern democratic society
• (E) Both before and after the Revolution, France was ruled by leaders
drawn from the ranks of
the nobility and bourgeouisie
• Both the French and Industrial Revolutions gave
rise to a number of conflicting doctrines, or
“isms”. Which of th following was expounded and
popularized decades after the others?
• Marxism
• Liberlaism
• Radicalism
• Conservatism
• Socialism
• Both the French and Industrial Revolutions gave
rise to a number of conflicting doctrines, or
“isms”. Which of th following was expounded and
popularized decades after the others?
• Marxism
• Liberlaism
• Radicalism
• Conservatism
• Socialism
• All of the following are features of Marxist
theory EXCEPT
• Hegelian dialiectic
• Dialectical materialism
• The Class Struggle
• Natural selection
• Inevitable revolution
• All of the following are features of Marxist
theory EXCEPT
• Hegelian dialiectic
• Dialectical materialism
• The Class Struggle
• Natural selection
• Inevitable revolution
• Which statement best reflects the theories in The
Communist Manifesto written by: Karl Marx and
Friedrich Engels?
• A. Workers will experience an improved standard of
living as capitalism matures.
• B. Owners of businesses will eventually realize that
conditions for workers must be improved.
• C. Workers can expect that working conditions will
improve as a result of government legislation.
• D. Workers will change working conditions by
revolutionary means.
•
• Which statement best reflects the theories in The
Communist Manifesto written by: Karl Marx and
Friedrich Engels?
• A. Workers will experience an improved standard of
living as capitalism matures.
• B. Owners of businesses will eventually realize that
conditions for workers must be improved.
• C. Workers can expect that working conditions will
improve as a result of government legislation.
• D. Workers will change working conditions by
revolutionary means.
•
• The Condition of the Working Class in England
was written by
• Adam Smith
• Friedrich Engels
• Karl Marx
• David Ricardo
• Thomas Malthus
• The Condition of the Working Class in England
was written by
• Adam Smith
• Friedrich Engels
• Karl Marx
• David Ricardo
• Thomas Malthus
• 19th century proletarianism was characterized by
• Patronage of workers by the owner of a factory
• The gradual control of workers in setting the wages and
working conditions for a factory
• The gradual loss of workers’ ownership of the means of
producton and of control over their own trades
•
• The gradual lowering of the cultural level of society
due to the influx of the poor into urban areas
• The use of local artisans in factories to restore
craftsmanship to the engines of mass production
• 19th century proletarianism was characterized by
• Patronage of workers by the owner of a factory
• The gradual control of workers in setting the wages and
working conditions for a factory
• The gradual loss of workers’ ownership of the means of
producton and of control over their own trades
•
• The gradual lowering of the cultural level of society
due to the influx of the poor into urban areas
• The use of local artisans in factories to restore
craftsmanship to the engines of mass production
1848
• . At the Congress of Vienna, a principle that
guided the deliberations of the diplomats was:
• (A) balance of power
• (B) utilitarianism
• (C) imperialism
• (D) self-determination
• (E) liberalism
• . At the Congress of Vienna, a principle that
guided the deliberations of the diplomats was:
• (A) balance of power
• (B) utilitarianism
• (C) imperialism
• (D) self-determination
• (E) liberalism
• . In the 19th century, conservatives
• a. argued that governments should not interfere
with the natural tendencies of the economy
• b. emphasized the development of sentiment and
emotion
• c. favored constitutional monarchy
• d. supported the privileges of the aristocracy and
clergy
• e. expoused utilitarianism
• . In the 19th century, conservatives
• a. argued that governments should not interfere
with the natural tendencies of the economy
• b. emphasized the development of sentiment and
emotion
• c. favored constitutional monarchy
• d. supported the privileges of the aristocracy and
clergy
• e. expoused utilitarianism
• . What of the following best characterizes the aims of the
Concert of Europe
• It sought to prevent nations form gaining colonial empires
• It sought to prevent member nations form entering into
non-aggression treaties with other member nations
• It sought to maintain international peace and prevent
member nations from taking major actions in international
affairs with member consent
• It sought to extend principles of conservative government
throughout Europe
• It sought to hold member nations financially responsible for
damage incurred in international conflicts
• . What of the following best characterizes the aims of the
Concert of Europe
• It sought to prevent nations form gaining colonial empires
• It sought to prevent member nations form entering into
non-aggression treaties with other member nations
• It sought to maintain international peace and prevent
member nations from taking major actions in international
affairs with member consent
• It sought to extend principles of conservative government
throughout Europe
• It sought to hold member nations financially responsible for
damage incurred in international conflicts
• . Which of the following best explains reasons for
the growing tension between the aristocracy and
the middle class in Europe in the 19th century
• The middle class sympathized with impoverished
peasants
• The middle class sympathized with impoverished
peasants
• The aristocracy refused to share its power and
access to political influence
• The middle class had little opportunity for social
mobility or change in lifestyle
• . Which of the following best explains reasons for
the growing tension between the aristocracy and
the middle class in Europe in the 19th century
• The middle class sympathized with impoverished
peasants
• The middle class sympathized with impoverished
peasants
• The aristocracy refused to share its power and
access to political influence
• The middle class had little opportunity for social
mobility or change in lifestyle
• Elected by a landslide after the failed
Revolution of 1848, he founded the Second
French Empire
• Louis XVIII
• Louis Philliipe
• Louis Napoleon
• Louis Blanc
• Elected by a landslide after the failed
Revolution of 1848, he founded the Second
French Empire
• Louis XVIII
• Louis Philliipe
• Louis Napoleon
• Louis Blanc
• . The “Second Republic” in France was headed
by
• Charles X
• Louis Napolean Bonaparte
• Louis XVIII
• Otto Von Bismark
• Napolean II
• . The “Second Republic” in France was headed
by
• Charles X
• Louis Napolean Bonaparte
• Louis XVIII
• Otto Von Bismark
• Napolean II
• . During the 1848 revolution in France, liberals
and radicals differed over
• Whether to establish a republic
• Allowing Louis Napolean to return to France
• Whether political changes or social and economic
changes should take priority
• What to do concerning Louis Philippe and his
family
• Universal male suffrage
• . During the 1848 revolution in France, liberals
and radicals differed over
• Whether to establish a republic
• Allowing Louis Napolean to return to France
• Whether political changes or social and economic
changes should take priority
• What to do concerning Louis Philippe and his
family
• Universal male suffrage
• . In French political history the years 1814, 1830, and 1848 are known,
respectively, for the
• (A) execution of Louis XVI, the restoration of the Bourbons, and the
establishment of
•
the Paris Commune
• (B) restoration of the Bourbons, the election of Louis Napoleon Bonaparte
as president and the establishment of the Paris Commune
• (C) July Revolution of Louis Philippe, the restoration of the Bourbons, and
the founding of the
Second Republic
• (D) restoration of the Bourbons, the July Revolution of Louis Philippe, and
the
•
founding of the Second Republic
• (E) restoration of the Bourbons, the July Revolution of Louis Philippe, and
the coronation of
Napoleon Ill as French emperor
• . In French political history the years 1814, 1830, and 1848 are known,
respectively, for the
• (A) execution of Louis XVI, the restoration of the Bourbons, and the
establishment of
•
the Paris Commune
• (B) restoration of the Bourbons, the election of Louis Napoleon Bonaparte
as president and the establishment of the Paris Commune
• (C) July Revolution of Louis Philippe, the restoration of the Bourbons, and
the founding of the
Second Republic
• (D) restoration of the Bourbons, the July Revolution of Louis Philippe, and
the
•
founding of the Second Republic
• (E) restoration of the Bourbons, the July Revolution of Louis Philippe, and
the coronation of
Napoleon Ill as French emperor
• Other minorities in Hungary became alarmed by
Louis Kossuth, and his pro-Magyar movement
when
• Magyar became the official language of Hungary
• The Magyars moved the capital to Budapest
• Kossuth made fiery nationalistic speeches in the
Hungarian diet
• The Austrian emperor abdicated and fled
• The Russian army invaded Hungary
• Other minorities in Hungary became alarmed by
Louis Kossuth, and his pro-Magyar movement
when
• Magyar became the official language of Hungary
• The Magyars moved the capital to Budapest
• Kossuth made fiery nationalistic speeches in the
Hungarian diet
• The Austrian emperor abdicated and fled
• The Russian army invaded Hungary
• . The political leadership of Austria in 1848 did not
allow Ferdinand, the emperor who had fled, to return
to his position mainly because
• It was attracted to the youthful energy of his nephew
Francis Joseph
• The old emperor had antagonized Bohemia and
Hungary
• Of pressure from rebellious minorities
• Of pressure from Nicholas I of Russia
• With Ferdinand gone, the government would not have
to honor promises he had made
• . The political leadership of Austria in 1848 did not
allow Ferdinand, the emperor who had fled, to return
to his position mainly because
• It was attracted to the youthful energy of his nephew
Francis Joseph
• The old emperor had antagonized Bohemia and
Hungary
• Of pressure from rebellious minorities
• Of pressure from Nicholas I of Russia
• With Ferdinand gone, the government would not have
to honor promises he had made
• In 1849, the new Austrian emperor, Franz
Joseph, restored order in Hungary by
• Employing the Croatian leader Jellachich
• Following the advise of Metternich
• Discrediting Louis Kossuth, the Magyar leader
• Giving in to Hungarian demands
• Getting military aid from Nicholas II of Russia
• In 1849, the new Austrian emperor, Franz
Joseph, restored order in Hungary by
• Employing the Croatian leader Jellachich
• Following the advise of Metternich
• Discrediting Louis Kossuth, the Magyar leader
• Giving in to Hungarian demands
• Getting military aid from Nicholas II of Russia
• . Which of the following facilitated the counterrevolutionary triumph within the Hapsburg Empire in
1849?
• (A) The adoption of a new constitution that provided
for regional autonomy
• (B) The loyalty of the Slavs and the Germans to the
monarchy
• (C) The neutrality of Serbia
• (D) The military intervention by the Ottoman Empire
• (E) The lack of cooperation among nationalities in the
Hapsburg Empire
• . Which of the following facilitated the counterrevolutionary triumph within the Hapsburg Empire in
1849?
• (A) The adoption of a new constitution that provided
for regional autonomy
• (B) The loyalty of the Slavs and the Germans to the
monarchy
• (C) The neutrality of Serbia
• (D) The military intervention by the Ottoman Empire
• (E) The lack of cooperation among nationalities in the
Hapsburg Empire
• . After the failure of the revolutions of 1848, many
Italian Liberals looked to Piedmont for political
leadership because
• It maintained the liberal constitution that has been
granted in 1848
• The King of Piedmont was respected for his leadership
abilities
• Pope Pius IX encouraged them to turn to Piedmont
• Piedmont promised Italian nationalists that they would
lead the fight for a united Italy
• Piedmont had a long tradition as a reform minded state
• . After the failure of the revolutions of 1848, many
Italian Liberals looked to Piedmont for political
leadership because
• It maintained the liberal constitution that has been
granted in 1848
• The King of Piedmont was respected for his leadership
abilities
• Pope Pius IX encouraged them to turn to Piedmont
• Piedmont promised Italian nationalists that they would
lead the fight for a united Italy
• Piedmont had a long tradition as a reform minded state
• . Late 19th and early 20th century Italian politics
were hindered by all of the following EXCEPT
• Meddling by the church
• Lack of a two party system
• Corruption
• Continued economic division between north and
south
• Lack of democratic institutions
• . Late 19th and early 20th century Italian politics
were hindered by all of the following EXCEPT
• Meddling by the church
• Lack of a two party system
• Corruption
• Continued economic division between north and
south
• Lack of democratic institutions
• . The failure of the Frankfurt Conference in
1848 to unify what nation encourage the
growth of authoritarianism and militarism
• France
• Germany
• Italy
• Austria
• Russia
• . The failure of the Frankfurt Conference in
1848 to unify what nation encourage the
growth of authoritarianism and militarism
• France
• Germany
• Italy
• Austria
• Russia
• . The Frankfurt Assembly’ decision in 1848 to offer the
Frederick William IV of Prussian the crown for a united
Germany illustrates
• the power of parliamentary traditions in Germany
• the weakness of the Germany monarchy
• the role of liberalism in the unification of Germany
• the tension between liberalism and nationalism in mid
19th century Europe
• the charisma of Frederick William IV
• . The Frankfurt Assembly’ decision in 1848 to offer the
Frederick William IV of Prussian the crown for a united
Germany illustrates
• the power of parliamentary traditions in Germany
• the weakness of the Germany monarchy
• the role of liberalism in the unification of Germany
• the tension between liberalism and nationalism in mid
19th century Europe
• the charisma of Frederick William IV
• . Frederick William IV rejected the constitution
written by the Frankfurt Assembly for a unified
• He looked with disdain on submitting to
constitutional monarchy
• He feared opposition from Austria
• His Junker support was not interested in German
unity
• The was nothing legal or binding about the
actions of the Frankfurt Assembly
• All of the above
• . Frederick William IV rejected the constitution
written by the Frankfurt Assembly for a unified
• He looked with disdain on submitting to
constitutional monarchy
• He feared opposition from Austria
• His Junker support was not interested in German
unity
• The was nothing legal or binding about the
actions of the Frankfurt Assembly
• All of the above
• The original goal of the Frankfurt Assembly
(1848-1849) was to
• Design and implement a constitutional
government for a unified Germany
• Consolidate Germany under Austrian Habsburg
leadership
• Unify the northern states of Germany under
Prussia
• Create a united Germany for Germans only
• Convince Prussia to unite Germany by force
• The original goal of the Frankfurt Assembly
(1848-1849) was to
• Design and implement a constitutional
government for a unified Germany
• Consolidate Germany under Austrian Habsburg
leadership
• Unify the northern states of Germany under
Prussia
• Create a united Germany for Germans only
• Convince Prussia to unite Germany by force
• The Frankfurt Parliament of 1848 marked an
attempt to
• Respond to Prussian aggression
• Establish a German republic
• Create the Zollverein, or customs union
• Create a unified German state
• Tie all independent German cities into a
confederation
• The Frankfurt Parliament of 1848 marked an
attempt to
• Respond to Prussian aggression
• Establish a German republic
• Create the Zollverein, or customs union
• Create a unified German state
• Tie all independent German cities into a
confederation
• . In 1849 the crown of the new Germany
created at the Frankfurt Parliament was
offered to which European ruler?
• Lajos Kossuth
• Frederick William IV of Prussia
• Friedrich Herder
• Franz Josef I of Austria
• Louis Napolean
• . In 1849 the crown of the new Germany
created at the Frankfurt Parliament was
offered to which European ruler?
• Lajos Kossuth
• Frederick William IV of Prussia
• Friedrich Herder
• Franz Josef I of Austria
• Louis Napolean
• The Frankfort Assembly’s decision in 1848 to offer the
Fredrick William IV of Prussia the crown of a united
Germany illustrates
• The power of parliamentary traditions in Germany
• The weakness of the German monarchy
• The role of liberalism in the unification of Germany
• The tension between liberalism and nationalism in
mid-nineteenth century Europe
• The charisma of Fredrick William IV
• The Frankfort Assembly’s decision in 1848 to offer the
Fredrick William IV of Prussia the crown of a united
Germany illustrates
• The power of parliamentary traditions in Germany
• The weakness of the German monarchy
• The role of liberalism in the unification of Germany
• The tension between liberalism and nationalism in
mid-nineteenth century Europe
• The charisma of Fredrick William IV
• Fredrick William IV rejected the constitution written by
the Frankfurt Assembly for a unified Germany because
• He looked with disdain on submitting to constitutional
monarchy
• He feared opposition from Austria
• His Junker support was not interested in German unity
• There was nothing legal or binding about the actions of
the Frankfurt Assembly
• e. All of the above
• Fredrick William IV rejected the constitution written by
the Frankfurt Assembly for a unified Germany because
• He looked with disdain on submitting to constitutional
monarchy
• He feared opposition from Austria
• His Junker support was not interested in German unity
• There was nothing legal or binding about the actions of
the Frankfurt Assembly
• e. All of the above
• . The Frankfurt Assembly of 1848-49 failed to
unite Germany for all the following reasons
EXCEPT
• The Assembly did not have the support of the
military
• It did not have the support of the peasants
• The delegates could not agree on a Constitution
• d. Fredrick William IV would not accept a position
as a constitutional monarch
• . The Frankfurt Assembly of 1848-49 failed to
unite Germany for all the following reasons
EXCEPT
• The Assembly did not have the support of the
military
• It did not have the support of the peasants
• The delegates could not agree on a Constitution
• d. Fredrick William IV would not accept a position
as a constitutional monarch
• . The Revolutions of 1848
• Overthrew the governments of France, Germany,
and Russia
• Erupted in England as well as on the continent
• Marked the decline of the political influence of
the proletariat
• Gave rise to Communism and realpolitik
• Dissipated the nationalistic urges of the peoples
of Eastern Europe
• . The Revolutions of 1848
• Overthrew the governments of France, Germany,
and Russia
• Erupted in England as well as on the continent
• Marked the decline of the political influence of
the proletariat
• Gave rise to Communism and realpolitik
• Dissipated the nationalistic urges of the peoples
of Eastern Europe
• Which of the following was NOT a contributing
factor in the revolutions of 1848?
• Italian nationalism
• Discontent among ethnic minorities in Eastern
Europe
• The Communist Manifesto
• The heavy handed policies of Louis Philippe of
France
• e.The liberal tendencies of the Berlin Assembly
• Which of the following was NOT a contributing
factor in the revolutions of 1848?
• Italian nationalism
• Discontent among ethnic minorities in Eastern
Europe
• The Communist Manifesto
• The heavy handed policies of Louis Philippe of
France
• e.The liberal tendencies of the Berlin Assembly
• All of the following cities experienced major
uprisings in 1848 EXCEPT
•
• Paris
• Berlin
• London
• Rome
• Vienna
• All of the following cities experienced major
uprisings in 1848 EXCEPT
•
• Paris
• Berlin
• London
• Rome
• Vienna
• . Which of the following was the immediate cause of
the revolutions that occurred in several major
European cities in 1848?
• (A) Metternich's flight from Vienna
• (B) The worker demonstrations in St. Petersburg
against the tsar
• (C) The dissolution of the Prussian assembly by Otto
von Bismarck
• (D) Food shortages in Great Britain resulting from the
Corn Laws
• (E) The overthrow of Louis-Philippe of France
• . Which of the following was the immediate cause of
the revolutions that occurred in several major
European cities in 1848?
• (A) Metternich's flight from Vienna
• (B) The worker demonstrations in St. Petersburg
against the tsar
• (C) The dissolution of the Prussian assembly by Otto
von Bismarck
• (D) Food shortages in Great Britain resulting from the
Corn Laws
• (E) The overthrow of Louis-Philippe of France
• The most significant, long term result of the
revoultions of 1848 was
• The large scale abandonment of liberalism by
the masses
• Hungarian independence
• The rise of communism
• The unificiation of Italy
• The triumph of democratic reform
• The most significant, long term result of the
revoultions of 1848 was
• The large scale abandonment of liberalism by
the masses
• Hungarian independence
• The rise of communism
• The unificiation of Italy
• The triumph of democratic reform
• The revolutions of 1848 are best understood as
• The result of tension between liberal and
nationalist aspirations of the people of Europe
and the determined conservatism of their
aristocratic masters
• Independence movements
• Large-scale attempts to redistribute wealth in
European society
• Precursors to the French Revolution
• Democratic revolutions
• The revolutions of 1848 are best understood as
• The result of tension between liberal and
nationalist aspirations of the people of Europe
and the determined conservatism of their
aristocratic masters
• Independence movements
• Large-scale attempts to redistribute wealth in
European society
• Precursors to the French Revolution
• Democratic revolutions
• . Which is the most accurate appraisal of the
Revolutions of 1830 and 1848?
• they established democratic republics in both
Britain and France
• they overthrew the conservative regimes of
central Europe
• they were largely unsuccessful
• they brought about German unification
• they established parliaments in both Russia and
Austria
• . Which is the most accurate appraisal of the
Revolutions of 1830 and 1848?
• they established democratic republics in both
Britain and France
• they overthrew the conservative regimes of
central Europe
• they were largely unsuccessful
• they brought about German unification
• they established parliaments in both Russia and
Austria