Transcript Balance of political and military forces that would

Congress of Vienna
Peace Settlement
What happened after Napoleon?
The Napoleonic Wars end
All those revolutionary ideals spread throughout
Europe? There where no guarantees.
Quite the contrary occurred!!
This is the story of what happened to Europe after
the French Revolution and after Napoleon
Peace Settlement
Result of French Revolution and Napoleon?
The result of Napoleon? A Conservative
Backlash
Conservative monarchies Russia, Prussia,
Austria and Great Britain - the Quadruple
Alliance - had FINALLY defeated France and
they were not going to allow those radical,
revolutionary ideas to spread
Peace Settlement
The Congress of Vienna was a series of meetings
involving most of the European heads of state held in
Vienna, the capital of the Austrian empire, between
September 1814 and 9 June 1815.
The purpose of the Congress was to redraw the map
of Europe after years of chaos resulting from the
Napoleonic and French revolutionary wars (1792–
1814).
Peace Settlement
Which person or people where in power?
Its proceedings were initially dominated by the four powers of the
victorious allied coalition that had defeated Napoleon.
•
Britain was represented by foreign secretary Viscount
Castlereagh (Robert Stewart).
• Prussia was represented by foreign secretary and chancellor
Prince Carl von Hardenberg
• Russia by Czar Alexander I
• Austria by Prince Klemens von Metternich , who emerged as the
architect of the Congress.
• The defeated French were represented by Charles-Maurice de
Talleyrand
Peace Settlement
What happened at the Peace Settlement?
Goal - Balance of Power - keep peace and make
sure issues don’t flare up to cause more war. Balance
of political and military forces that would discourage future
aggression
They were largely successful and for about 100
years the land and people will be at peace (until @
1914 or WWI)
European Balance of Power
What were the actions taken?
First concern - France
Restore Bourbon dynasty to France
Lenient to France
Restore 1792 boundaries (larger than it was
in 1789)
Fr doesn’t have to pay war reparations
No sense of injustice here
European Balance of Power
What were the actions taken?
Every country felt they deserved land payments for cost of fighting
Napoleon
Britain got Fr colonies
Austria gave up some of Germany but got rich lands in
northern Italy and Polish possession on coast of Adriatic
Russia - had problem but got small parts of Poland
Belgium and Holland larger
Prussia got large piece of Fr eastern border so it could
stand as the , “sentinental on the Rhine.”
Liberals and
Conservatives
Convervatives under Austrian Prince
Klemens Von Metternich wanted to keep
liberals and nationalists from gaining
power
Liberals want to protect people’s civil liberties,
including freedom of speech, press, and assembly.
They believe gov’t elected by the people are best
able to accomplish this.
Nationalists insist people owe loyalty to the nation
not the king or royal family. They thought that each
ethnic group or nationality should have it’s own
gov’t.
The Failed Uprisings
Liberals and Nationalists were a threat
to the existing order.
Metternich and other leaders in Europe
prevented change.
ex: 1823 liberals in Spain tried to
overthrow monarchy. A French army
crushed the uprising.
many revolts - all put down by
military force
The Failed Uprisings
1848 lots of liberal and
nationalists uprisings.
In France, liberals overthrew
monarchy and set up Second
Republic. French soon replaced
it with Second Empire under
Emperor Napoleon III sometimes referred to as LouisNapoleon. (nephew of
Napoleon Bonaparte)
The Failed Revolutions
In Austria, Hungarian and Italian
nationalists tried to set up new
nations of their own.
Austrian gov’t tried to appease
the rebels by having Metternich
removed from his position.
That didn’t work so Austrian
military finally put down revolt.
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Understanding
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