Transcript History of The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

 First
signs of people on British Isles are
pressumed to the Stone Age
 The Celts settled the area of London
probably around 800 BC
 NO written history before 50 BC
 From
43 A.D. period of Roman invasion
 To prevent attacks from north Romanians
built 2 walls – Hadrian‘s(122) and wall of
Antonius(142)
 Romanians occupated these lands for
several hundreds of years but british
language and Celtic systém were not
completely destroyed
 Christianity
spread over England in Kent
in 597 after St. Augustin landed here
 By year 800 England was splited to seven
kingdoms
 Danes and Norwegians attacked E. but
King Alfred the Great stopped them for a
while(at the beginning of 9th century)
 Since 1016 Dennmark ruled England
 1066
– beginning of Norman
invasion(William the Conqueror)
 Henry I. – Charter of Liberties
 Richard I.,the Lion Heart
 Oxford university – around 1167
 Cambridge university - 1209
 1215
– Magna Carta
 Hundred Year‘s War – war over English
feudal claim to the French crown
 Win at Crecy and Agincourt but Joan of
Arc changed the situation – England lost
their power in France except Calais
 War of Roses(15th century) – wars over
the claim to the throne between the
House of york and House of Lancaster
 War
of Roses – ended thanks to Battle of
Bosworth(king Richard III. was killed and
Tudor dynasty started)
 Establishment of the Church of England
during the reign of Henry VIII
 during the reign of his daughter
Elizabeth I. England became a European
power
 From
1642 civil war(1649 firstly executed
king Charles I.) – England ruled by the
Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell
 1660 monarchy was reestablished(without its former aura)
 1688 – The Glorious Revolution broke out
 1689 – Bill of rights(put the power into
hands of the parliament)
 During
17th century England started
colonial expansions to the NA and India
 1.5. 1707 – political union of the Kingdom
of England(including Wales) and the
Kingdom of Scotland => The United
Kingdom of Great Britain
 18th century – Britain power in the world
was growing
 Wars
– War of the Spanish
Succesion(1702-1713)

- Seven Years‘ war 17561763(gained Canada,Florida…)
 First prime minister Robert Walpole
 Loss of 13 colonies in The American war
of Independence(1775 – 1783)
 1800
– Act of Union
 From 1.1.1801 new state - the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
 Napoleonic wars – ended in 1815 at the
Battle of Waterloo(Wellington,lord
Nelson)
 During 19th was growing(control of great
deal of Africa,all of Australia,NZ and
India)
 During
the 20th century Britain was
beginning to leave colonies
 First World War
 Second World
War(Chamberlain,Churchill)
 Margaret Thatcher – Falkland
wars,economic reforms
 London
-Big Ben,Houses of Parliament
- Buckingham Palace
-Hyde Park
-the London Eye
-National gallery,British Museum
-Wembley
Houses of
Parliament,Big
Ben
Buckingham palace
London
Eye
 Scottish
Highlands – Loch Ness,Ben Nevis
 Stonehenge
 Edinburgh – 4500 historic buildings
 Snowdonia – 3rd largest national park in
UK
 Cambridge
 Hadrian‘s wall
 Stratford-upon-Avon(Shakespeare)
 Lake district – one of the most famous
national parks