Transcript An economic and political system based on one

RISE OF DICTATORS
(TOTALITARIANISM)
I.
Treaty of Versailles ends WWI
A. November 11, 1918- Armistice Day
B. German military is abolished except for a small domestic police force
C. Germany forced to pay for damages caused by the war.
D. Map of Europe redrawn (Germany gives up land to France and
Poland)
E. Germany had no choice but to agree to the terms in the treaty
because they were blamed for the war that they didn’t even start.
II.
Legacy of World War I
A. Worldwide depression
B. Mechanized warfare
C. Increased government control in times of conflict
D. Complete mobilization of resources for “Total War”
E. Rise in totalitarian leadership
F. Germans are embarrassed by the outcome of WWI and want to bring
glory back to their country.
TOTALITARIAN GOVERNMENT
Individuals have no rights, and the
government suppresses all opposition.
Ex. Germany, Italy & Russia
COMMUNISM
An economic and political system
based on one-party government and
state ownership. Ex. Russia & China
JOSEPH STALIN
•Communist
•Leader of Soviet Union
•Gained control when Lenin died
•Government owned all property
•Farms became government owned
•World’s second largest industrial
power
•Extremely paranoid, eliminated
anyone who threatened his power
•Responsible for the deaths of 8
million to 13 million people
“MAN OF STEEL”
FASCISM
Stressed nationalism and placed the
interests of the state above those of
individuals. Ex. Italy
BENITO MUSSOLINI
•Fascist
•Unemployment and inflation were
both very high in Italy
•The middle and upper class
demanded strong leadership
•Mussolini took control by convincing
Italians that the power must rest with a
single strong leader
•Wanted Italy to be reborn as a new
Roman Empire
•Strong Military (Black Shirts)
•Anti-Communist
NAZISM
The German brand of fascism. Based
on extreme Nationalism. Ex. Germany
ADOLF HITLER
•
Nazi
•
Takes over after the Weimar Republic
•
Hitler joins National Socialist German Workers
Party (Nazi)
•
Arrested for starting a riot to overthrow the
government, he wrote Mien Kampf while in
prison, outlining his plans for the German
Empire
•
Hitler’s beliefs include extreme nationalism,
racism (focusing on anti-semitism), and an
understanding of the effectiveness of
propaganda.
•
Through democratic process, Hitler comes to
power as Chancellor of Germany
•
Government passes the Enabling Act
effectively giving him sole power of Germany
•
Responsible for the deaths of approximately
18 million people