Transcript Dictators Threaten World Peace Ch 16-1

Dictators Threaten World Peace
Ch 16-1
Failures of WWI Peace Settlement
• The Treaty of Versailles blamed Germany
for starting WWI.
• Germany was stripped of their overseas
colonies and territories.
• The Soviet Union resented parts of their
land being taken away.
Joseph Stalin
• After Lenin Died in 1924, Joseph Stalin took
control of the Soviet Union.
• As in many communist countries, the
government took all privately owned lands and
replaced them with large government owned
farms.
• All economic activity was placed under state
management.
• By 1937, the Soviet Union was the second
largest industrial power, surpassed only by the
U.S.
Totalitarian
• Stalin eliminated anyone who threatened
his power.
• It is estimated that Stalin is responsible for
the deaths of 8 million to 13 million people.
• Totalitarian- a government that has
complete control of its citizens.
• In Stalin’s totalitarian government,
individuals has no rights, and the
government does away with all opposition.
Fascism in Italy
• Benito Mussolini-established a totalitarian
regime in Italy.
• Mussolini established the Fascist Party,
which places the interest of the state
above those of individuals.
• Just as Stalin had done, Mussolini crushed
his opposition and made Italy a totalitarian
state.
Nazis Take Over Germany
• After WWI, Adolf Hitler joined a struggling
group called the National Socialist German
Worker’s Party (Nazi).
• Hitler wrote a book titled Mein Kampf (my
Struggle), where he outlined the beliefs of
Nazism.
• He believed in uniting all German
speaking people.
• Hitler also wanted to enforce racial purification.
• In his views Germans (especially blue-eyed,
blonde hair “Aryans”) formed a master race. All
other races were fit to serve the Aryans.
• Many men that were out of work joined Hitler's
private army , the storm troopers or brown shirts.
• Once Hitler became prime minister he
established the Third Reich, or Third German
Empire.
Japan…Germany…Italy
• Japanese militarists launched a surprise attack
on Manchuria in 1933, which is located in China.
• The League of Nations, which was established
after WWI to prevent nations attacking each
other, condemned Japan for its attack.
• Japan just quit the League of Nations. Germany
followed, and began to rebuild their military.
• Mussolini invaded and took over Ethiopia.
• The League of Nations did very little to stop all of
this.
Spain
• Spanish Civil War began and Hitler and
Mussolini backed General Francisco
Franco’s rebellion.
• The civil war allowed Germany and Italy to
become allies.
• After Franco’s victory in Spain, there was
another totalitarian government in Europe.
• (Spain, Germany, Italy, Soviet Union)
Neutrality Acts
• In an effort to keep the U.S. out of future
wars, Congress passed a series of
Neutrality Acts.
• The first three acts outlawed the sale of
weapons to countries at war, including civil
wars.