Integumentary System
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Transcript Integumentary System
Integumentary System
Functions of Integumentary System
Integumentary System
Contains skin, hair, and
nails
4 Main Functions
1. Protection
Keeps water in
Keeps foreign particles out
2. Nerve endings sense
environment
3. Regulate body
temperature
4. Rids of waste chemicals
Layers of Skin
Epidermis
Outermost layer
Most cells are dead
Dermis
Thicker layer
Below Epidermis
Hair Follicle
Tiny sac where hair grows
Hair
Protects from UV light
Helps regulate body
temperature
Nail Root
Nail
Base of nail where growth
occurs
Protects tips of fingers and
toes
Skin Injuries
Skin is often damaged
Can repair itself
Damage to skin’s DNA can cause skin cancer
Affected by hormones, too much oil-Acne
Muscular System
Types of Muscle
Smooth Muscle
Involuntary
Found in digestive system
Cardiac Muscle
Involuntary
Found in heart
Skeletal Muscle
Voluntary or involuntary
Attached to bones
Used for movement
Movement
Tendons
Tough connective tissue
Connects skeletal muscle
to bones
Flexor
Extensor
Muscle that bends part of
your body
Straightens part of your
body
Muscle Injury
Strain
Muscle or tendon is
overstretched
Tendonitis
Swollen tendons
Can happen in people who
exercise too much
Anabolic Steroids
Increases muscle strength
Causes long-term health
problems
Skeletal System
Skeletal System
Made from bones, cartilage,
and connective tissue
Compact Bone
No visible open spaces
Spongy Bone
Many open spaces
Marrow
Soft tissue found inside bones
Cartilage
Flexible tissue
Support
Most replaced by bone as
organism grows
4 Main functions of Skeletal
System
1. Protection
2. Storage
3. Movement
4. Blood Cell Formation
Protection
• Ribs protect heart and lungs
• Skull protects brain
• Vertebrate protects spinal cord
Storage
• Bones store minerals for nerves and
muscles
• Long bones store fat to use for energy
Movement
• Allows you to sit, stand and walk
Blood cell • Marrow in bones makes blood cells
Formation
Joints
Joint
Place where two or more
bones meet
Ligament
3 Types of Joints
Holds together bones and
joints
1. Gliding Joint
2. Ball-and-Socket Joint
3. Hinge Joint
Bone Injuries
Fracture
Crack in the bone
Break
Bone is detached at some
place
Bone Diseases
Arthritis
Causes joints to swell or
stiffen
Osteoporosis
Causes bones to lose
density