Transcript Skeletal System

Skeletal & Muscle Unit
Notes
How many bones
does the human
skeleton contain?
206
Functions of the skeletal
system
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Give shape & support
Protect internal organs
Moves muscles
Form blood cells
Store calcium and phosphorous
Bone Cross Section
Periosteum: soft, thin, covers
and protects the bone
Compact Bone: Hard,
outer surface. Can heal
itself when broken
Spongy Bone: Porous,
contains blood vessels,
nerves
Marrow: manufactures
red blood cells
http://www.bmb.psu.edu/courses/bisci004a/bone/fig81.jpg
http://www.bmb.psu.edu/courses/bisci004a/bone/bone.htm
Skeletal System
is divided into
two parts
Axial Skeleton
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Skull (protects the
brain).
Ribs ( protect
lungs, and heart).
Spinal column
(houses and
protects the spinal
cord).
Appendicular Skeleton
Legs
 Pelvis
 Arms
 Shoulders
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Types of Joints
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Immovable
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Skull
Pelvis
Movable
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Pivot
Ball & socket
Hinge
Gliding
http://www.nhfyouthworld.org/junior/mayjun/skeleton.jpg
Ball & Socket: Shoulders and
Hips
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Allows arms
and hips to
move in any
direction
Can move in a
full 360
degrees
Pivot Joints: First two neck
vertebrae & joint beneath elbow
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Moves in a
semicircle
motion by
twisting
against each
other
Hinged: Elbows & Knees
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Move like
hinges on a
door
Limited
movement
Can only swing
back and forth
Gliding Joints: Spine, Wrists,
Ankles
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Slide against
each other in a
gliding motion
Gives your
wrists and
ankles lots of
freedom
Immoveable joints are located
in the:
How many muscles do we have?
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639
http://www.lifesci.utexas.edu/faculty/sjasper/images/john21.19.jpg
http://www.bio.psu.edu/
http://www.bmb.psu.edu/courses/bisci004a/tissues/skeletal.jpg
http://www.bio.psu.edu/
http://www.sc.edu/union/Sears/AnimalTissue/im.tissue
Cardiac.jpg
http://www.bio.psu.edu/
http://www.bmb.psu.edu
http://www.sirinet.net/~jgjohnso/
muscle.html
Inside a Muscle
Muscle Fiber
Muscle
Myofibril
Vocabulary
Appendicular
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The part of your skeleton made
up of your arms, legs, pelvis
and shoulders.
Axial
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Part of your skeleton that
includes skull, ribs, and spinal
column.
Vertebrae
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Irregular bones that make up
the spinal column
Cartilage
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Smooth tissue that acts as a
buffer between bones.
Ligaments
Tissues that fasten your
bones together
Calcium
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The mineral found in bones
Periosteum
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The outer covering of bones.
Ball and Socket
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These joints are found in hips
and shoulders.
Gliding
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These joints are found in
fingers and the spine.
Immoveable
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This type of joint is found in the
skull and is fixed.
Pivot
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These types of joints are found
in the head and arms.
Voluntary
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These muscles can be
controlled consciously
Hinge
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These joints are found in
elbows and knees.
Involuntary
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These muscles can be
controlled unconsciously
Skeletal
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Muscle tissue that is attached to
bones and causes movement.
Smooth
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This type of tissue lines the
walls of many organs and are
involuntary.
Cardiac
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Muscle tissue found in the
heart.
Tendons
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These tough bands of
connective tissue connect bones
to skeletal muscles.
Strain
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An injury caused when a muscle
is over stretched.
Cramp
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This can be painful and is
sometimes caused by too much
exercise and not warming up
properly.
http://www.cytochemistry.net/microanatomy/muscle/smooth1.jpg